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Published In: Strelitzia 35: 93. 2015. (Strelitzia) Name publication detail
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 6/15/2016)
Acceptance : Accepted
Taxon Profile     (Last Modified On 6/15/2016)
Description: Plants 70–180(–260) mm high. Corms 12–16 mm in diam., tunics blackish, basal rim split vertically. Stem 5–7-branched, branches subtended by bracts (1–)2–5 mm long, those below appearing leaf-like, stem compressed and winged. Leaves 2, lowermost inserted at ground level, largest, falcate, 50–120(–240) × (6–)10–15 mm, margins undulate and crisped, obtuse to subapiculate, with prominent main vein and a pair of secondary veins (rarely one) on either side almost as prominent, second leaf inserted near middle of stem, 20–70 mm long, oblong‑lanceolate, margins ± straight, not or hardly sheathing at base. Inflorescence a congested, flat-topped false panicle, flowers crowded at branch tips, ultimate branchlets with 1 or 2 sessile flowers; bracts green, firm-textured, 9–11 mm long, outer folded in midline, margins often red, inner obtuse or slightly emarginate. Flowers zygomorphic, tilted backward, dark blue to violet, with triangular, dark blue-black or red-purple blotch at base of lower 3 and sometimes adjacent upper lateral tepals; perianth tube funnel-shaped, 10–12 mm long; tepals elliptic-ovate, obtuse, mostly 17–20 × 7–8 mm. Filaments unilateral, ascending or extended horizontally due to adaxial tilting of flower, 11–15 mm long, exserted for 8–10 mm; anthers 3–5 mm long, pollen dark blue or red-brown. Style dividing opposite upper 1/3 of anthers; branches 2.5–3.0 mm long, divided for ± 1/2 their length. Capsules ± top-shaped and 3-lobed, ± 6 mm long, with up to 8 seeds per locule. Seeds red-brown, ovoid, truncate at chalazal end, rugulo-reticulate, ± 1.0 × 1.0–1.3 mm, with funicular appendage 0.2–0.4 mm long. Chromosome number 2n = 20 ± 0–2B. Flowering time: late September to late October.
Country: South Africa
South African Province: Western Cape
Distribution and ecology: restricted to lowland sites in southwestern Western Cape between Paarl, Mamre and Riebeeck Kasteel north of Malmesbury; in granite-derived gravel soils rather than the shale-derived clay soils, also common in the area, becoming increasingly rare.
Diagnosis: Codonorhiza azurea is distinguished by its large, zygomorphic, intensely dark blue flower bearing large black or dark red blotches on the adaxial tepals. The perianth tube is 8–12 mm long and the tepals (12–)16–20 mm long. The flower is tilted back toward the axis, especially in crowded inflorescences, when the posterior (adaxial) tepals, usually erect, are tilted out of position and come to lie horizontally, thus below the abaxial (lower) tepals, a type of floral presentation also occurs in C. elandsmontana. Although united with C. fastigiata (as Lapeirousia corymbosa subsp. fastigiata) by Goldblatt (1972), molecular data suggest that C. azurea is not directly related to C. fastigiata despite their comparably large perianth. In the molecular phylogeny C. azurea is sister to C. corymbosa plus C. micrantha
Pollination: the flowers with dark blue-black or red-purple markings are evidently adapted for pollination by hopliine beetles, whihc have been recorded on more than one population. Visits by large anthophorine bees have also been recorded.

 


 

Specimens whose coordinates are enclosed in square brackets [ ] have been mapped to a standard reference mark based on political units.
 
 
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