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(Last Modified On 7/24/2013)
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(Last Modified On 7/24/2013)
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Species
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Satyria warszewiczii Klotzsch
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PlaceOfPublication
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Linnaea 24: 22. 1851.
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Note
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TYPE: Panama (?), "in Veragua," Warszewicz (B, holotype, not seen).
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Synonym
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Satyria clonantha Klotzsch, Linnaea 24: 22. 1851. TYPE: Panama (?), "in Veragua," Warsze- wicz s.n. (B, holotype, not seen). Riedelia warszewiczii (Klotzsch) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. P1. 2: 384. 1891. Riedelia clonantha (Klotzsch) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. P1. 2: 384. 1891.
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Description
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Epiphytic or terrestrial straggly shrub; branches 1-2.5(4) m long, stout, terete, glabrous, grayish to brown or reddish brown. Leaves oblong, ovate ob- long, lance oblong or elliptic, (6-)10-25(-29) cm long, (2-)4-10(-14) cm wide, basally cuneate, rarely rounded, apically acute to acuminate, entire, slightly rev- olute, chartaceous to coriaceous, glabrous or rarely inconspicuously glandular strigillose beneath, trichomes 0.2 mm long or less, drying reddish brown; 3-(5)- plinerved, the midvein and the principal paralleling veins either impressed or slightly elevated on the upper surface and prominently elevated beneath, the veinlets drying reticulate slightly elevated on both the surfaces. Inflorescences often numerous, pendent, usually cauliflorous, either arising from a low padlike mound or shortly racemose, 3-10(-30)-flowered; rachis striate, glabrous, 5-15 (-40) mm long; glabrous or rarely sparsely puberulent, terete, often distally swol- len, 8-20(-25) mm long; bract basal, inconspicuously ciliate, triangular, (1.8-) 2-3 ( -4) mm long, bracteoles 2, alternate, narrowly triangular, acute, incon- spicuously ciliate, 1-1.5(-2) mm long. Flowers with the hypanthium glabrous, coriaceous, campanulate, occasionally slightly enlarged at the base. 1.5-2.5 mm high, 3-4.2 mm in diameter at anthesis, the calyx limb drying thinly cori- aceous, nearly truncate, slightly flaring, 1.5-2.2(-3.0) mm long including the lobes, the lobes minute, apiculate; corolla usually carnose but often drying as though thinly textured, cylindric or tapering to the slightly flaring throat, occasionally thin waisted with a somewhat swollen base and distally flaring, (15-)17-28 mm long, mostly (2-)3-5 mm in diameter, usually bright red for the basal 3/4 and apically white, the lobes acute, oblong, 1-2 mm long; stamens 10, staminal tube 1.5-2(-3.0) mm long glabrous the free portion of the anthers ciliate, the thecae alternately 3.8-s mm long and 4.8-6 mm long, dehiscing by oval clefts 1.8-2.5 mm long; style 18-30 mm long and usually exserted 2-3 mm beyond the corolla, long persisting. Berry often glaucous, 5-6 mm high, 7-8 mm in diameter.
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Habit
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shrub
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Distribution
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known from southern Mexico south to at least eastern Panama.
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Note
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There is considerable morphological variability in the shape and venation of the leaves and in the size of the flowers. The extremes are strikingly unlike but efforts to subdivide the species have met with failure.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Elfin forest on Chiriqui Trail, E slope of La Zorra to Divide, Kirkbride & Duke 808 (MO, NY). CHIRIQUI: LIanos on slopes of Volca'n de Chiriqui Viejo and along Rio Chiriqui Viejo, 1200 m, Allen 976 (F, MO). "New Switzerland," central valley of Rio Chiriqui Viejo, 1800-2000 m, Allen 1388 (GH, NY, US). Cerro Punta, 2000 m, Allen 3494 (F, GH, MO, US). Between Bambito and Cerro Punta, Croat 10636 (DUKE, MO). For- ested hill N of Audubon Cabin, Croat 13658 (DUKE, MO). Above San Felix along mining road 18-27 mi from Panamerican Highway, 1200-1500 m, Croat 33051 (NY). Cerro Colo- rado Copper Mine development, 28 mi above San Felix, 1200-1500 m, Croat 33248 (MO). Above Cerro Punta on slope of Cerro Respinga, Bajo Grande, 8000 ft, D'Arcy 6558 (DUKE, MO). Bajo Chorro, Boquete District, 6000 ft, Davidson 60 (MO), 80 (F), 608 (MO, US). Boquete, 3800 ft, Davidson 653 (F, MO). Between Boquete and Cerro Horqueta, Duke 13722 (DUKE, SCZ). 1.4 km S of Cerro Punta, 1850 m, Graham 289 (GH). Cerro Punta 2.5 km S of Audubon Cabin, 6000 ft, Kozlovsky K-11, K-16 (both MO, WIS). Cloud forest, Cerro Horqueta, 5800 ft, Lewis et al. 538 (MO). Las Nubes, 2.7 mi NW of Rio Chiriqui Viejo W of Cerro Punta, 2200 m, Liesner 303 (DUKE, MO). Cerro Punta, Lindsay 469 (F, MO). Bajo Chorro Trail towards Boquete from Cerro Punta, 7000 ft, Luteyn 3058 (DUKE). Bajo Mono Trail NW of San Rarnon towards headwaters of Rio Caldera, 1600-1700 m, Luteyn 3726 (DUKE). Heavily forested slopes along ridge on W side of Cerro Horqueta, 1700-1800 m, Luteyn 3761 (DUKE, MO). Las Nubes, 5 km NW of Cerro Punta, 6000- 6500 ft, Mori & Bolten 7251 (MO). Cerro Colorado Copper Mine Rd along continental divide N of San Felix, Mori & Kallunki 5804 (DUKE, MO), 5904, 5938 (both MO). Bajo Grande, 1-3 km E of town of Cerro Punta, Nee 10055 (MO). Forests around Boquete, 1000-1300 m, Pittier 3014 (US). N facing cliff just S of Boquete, Stern et al. 1958 (MO, US). Mossy for- est E of Guadeloupe 2 mi NE of Cerro Punta Ridge, Wilbur & Foster 13100 (DUKE, F, MO). Beyond Las Nubes, Wilbur & Teeri 13223 (DUKE, MO). Slopes above Rio Caldera 3 km beyond Bajo Mano, Wilbur & Luteyn 19173 (DUKE). Halfway between Cerro Punta and Bambito, Wilbur et al. 10948 (DUKE, F, GH, MO, NY, PMA). Steep forested slopes NE of Cerro Pando NW of Nueva California, 1500 m, Wilbur et al. 11016 (DUKE, MO). COCLE: Cerro Pilon above El Valle de Anton, 2000-2700 ft, Dwyer 4568 (DUKE, MO). Cloud forest 3 km NE of El Valle, Moui & Kallunki 2963 (DUKE, MO). La Mesa, Nee & Dwyer 9158 (MO). La Mesa 5 mi N of El Valle, 2500 ft, Tyson et al. 2449 (FSU, SCZ). DARIEIN: Cerro Pirre, Bristan 538 (DUKE, MO, SCZ). Elfin forest, Cerro Campamento S of Cerro Pirre, Duke 15673 (MO). Cerro Pirre, 2500-4500 ft, Duke & Elias 13722 (DUKE, MO). Summit of Cerro Pirre, cloud forest, Gentry & Clewell 6965 (DUKE, MO). Top of Cerro Mali, Gentry & Mori 13657 (DUKE, MO). Elfin forest, top of W peak of Cerro Tacarcuna massif, 1800-1850 m, Gentry & Mori 13978 (DUKE, MO). PANAMA: Cerro Campana, 800 m, Allen 2082 (NY), 3962 (NY, US). Rainforest 15.5 km N of El Llano on road to Carti, 400 m, Busey 364 (DUKE, MO). El Llano to Carti-Tupile road 12 mi above Panamerican Highway, 200-500 m, Croat 22900 (DUKE, MO). El Llano-Carti road, 5-6 mi N of Inter- american Highway, 350-375 m, Croat 34775 (NY). Cerro Campana, Dressier 4518 (DUKE, F, MO, PMA). Cerro Jefe, 3600 ft, Duke 8174 (DUKE). Cerro Campana, 800-1000 m, Gentry 4950 (MO). Forest 4.8 mi N of Panamerican Highway just W of El Llano, Gentry 5084 (DUKE, MO). Near summit of Cerro Jefe, Gentry & Dwyer 5525 (MO). Cerro Jefe, cloud forest, 800-1000 m, Gentry & Mori 13448 (DUKE, MO). 16 km above Panamerican Highway on road from El Llano to Carti-Tupile, Kennedy et al. 2440 (MO). Tropical wet forest, 10-12 km N of Interamerican Highway along El Llano-Carti-Tupile road, Luteyn & Wilbur 4670 (DUKE); Mori & Kallunki 2310, 2878, 2923 (all DUKE, MO). Premontane rainforest NE of Cerro Azul, Mori & Kallunki 3642 (MO). El Llano-Carti road 20.9 km from Interamerican Highway, Mori & Kallunki 5583 (MO). El Llano-Carti road 11-12 km from Interamerican Highway, 300-400 m, Mori et al. 6878 (MO). El Llano-Carti road 8-12 mi N of El Llano, 400-450 m, Nee et al. 8751 (DUKE, MO). Cerro Jefe, 2700-3000 ft, Tyson et al. 3293 (MO). VERAGUAS: Forested slopes of Cerro Tute, vicinity of Santa Fe, 3000 ft, Allen 4354 (MO, US). Primary forest on Caribbean slope above Rio Primero Brazo, 5 mi NW of Santa Fe, 700-1200 m, Croat 23121 (MO). 5 mi W of Santa Fe on Pacific side of divide, 800- 1200 m, Croat 23154 (MO), 23155 (DUKE, MO). 3.9-5 mi N of Santa Fe, 500-1000 m, Gentry 2993 (MO). 5 mi W of Santa Fe on Pacific side of divide, 800-1200 m, Liesner 938 (MO). Above Santa Fe in Pacific watershed, Luteyn & Wilbur 4555 (DUKE). On slopes of Cerro Tute NW of Santa Fe, Moni & Kalltunki 4776 (DUKE, MO). 7 km W of Santa Fe, ca. 2900 ft, Nee 11200 (MO). Forest 3-4 km NV of Santa Fe, ca. 2500 ft, Nee 11270 (DUKE, MO).
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