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(Last Modified On 3/20/2013)
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(Last Modified On 3/20/2013)
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Species
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Acalypha arvensis Poeppig
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PlaceOfPublication
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Nov. Gen. Sp. P1. 3: 21, 1841.
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Description
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Herb ca 2-5 dm high; stems moderately to densely pubescent with ? incurved, appressed hairs, gland-tipped hairs absent. Leaves membranaceous; petioles densely pubescent, mostly 1-2.5 cm long; stipules lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent, ca 1.5-2.5 mm long; blades ovate, mostly 3-6 cm long, 1.5-3 cm broad, strigose-hirsute above, glabrate beneath except on the veins, 5-veined at base, the base cuneate, the margins crenate-serrate (12-18 teeth on a side), the apex acute. Spikes all axillary; 9 spikes with peduncles 6-12 mm long, ellipsoidal to short-cylindric, ca (1-) 1.5-2 cm long, 1-1.5 cm broad, usually with a terminal projection 4-7 mm long bearing 5-10 nodes of male flowers (and occasionally a terminating ebracteate female flower); male spikes densely pubescent, uninterrupted, ca 5-20 mm long, with peduncles 3-25 mm long. Pistillate flowers solitary, sessile; bracts hispid with sharp hairs ca 0.5-1.5 mm long and slender gland-tipped hairs (ca 0.5-1 mm long), 4-8 mm long, with 5 lobes (plus occasionally 1 or 2 smaller extra lobes), the longer central lobes mostly (1.5-)2.5-5 mm long, deltoid with a green subulate tip 0.8-3 mm long; ovary apically 3-carinate, hispidulous, not glandular, the styles 1.7-4 mm long, with 3-5 distal branches. Capsules sharply carinate, hispid to hispidulous; seeds ellipsoidal, smooth (minutely foveolate), grayish, 1.2-1.3 mm long, the caruncle 0.4-0.6 mm long.
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Habit
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Herb
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Distribution
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A widespread neotropical weed, from Mexico south to Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Changuinola River, Stork 6 (US), 127 (US); Chiriquicito to 5 mi S along Rio Guarumo, Lewis et al. 2135 (DAV, MO); Isla Colon, vic of Chiriqui Lagoon, von Wedel 2821 (GH, MO, NY). CANAL ZONE: Ancon, Piper 5818 (US); Balboa, Standley 32115 (US); Fort San Lorenzo, Burch et al. 1044 (DUKE, F, MO); Fort Sherman, Tyson & Blum 3774 (MO); Frijoles, Ebinger 630 (MO); Gamboa, Bro. Heriberto 65 (US), Pittier 4791 (US), Standley 28358 (US); Gatun, Hayes 237 (NY), Piper 5997 (US), Standley 27313 (US); Miraflo-res Lake, White & White 195 (MO); betw Peluca Hydro- graphic Sta & Quebrada Peluca, Steyermark & Allen 17237 (MO); Quarry Heights, Dwyer 2602 (MO); Sosa Hill, Standley 25241 (US). CHIRIQUI: vic of Boquete, Davidson 634 (A, MO, US), Lewis et al. 419 (DUKE, F, GH, K, MO, NY, UC, US), Bro. Maurice 734 (US), Pittier 2912 (NY, US), Woodson & Schery 715 (MO); W slopes of Cerro Horqueta, Allen 4830 (MO); vic of Puerto Armuelles, Woodson & Schery 821 (GH, MO). DARIEN: El Real, Duke 5039 (MO); El Real to Pinogana, Duke 5129 (MO); vic of Yape, Allen 865 (GH, MO). PANAMA: 5-6 mi E of Chepo, Duke 4016 (DAV, MO); Corozal Rd, nr Panama, Standley 26814 (US); Juan Diaz, nr Rio Tapia, Maxon & Harvey 6743 (US); San Jose I, Johnston 900 (GH). VERAGUAS: 5 mi E of La Mesa, Blum & Tyson 673 (MO).
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Note
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Acalypha aristata H.B.K. was reported from Panama---by Pax and Hoffmann [Pflanzenreich 85 (IV, 147, XVI): 23, 1924] on the basis of a specimen collected at Gamboa (Pittier 4791). However, that collection actually represents A. arvensis, and no specimens of A. aristata have been seen from Panama. Nevertheless, since the latter occurs in northern Colombia, it may eventually be detected here. Although vegetatively similar and probably closely related, it may be readily distinguished from A. arvensis by its terminal 9 spikes and 2-flowered 9 bracts.
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