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(Last Modified On 3/20/2013)
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(Last Modified On 3/20/2013)
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Species
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Acalypha macrostachya Jacquin
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PlaceOfPublication
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Hort. Schoenbr. 2: 63, t. 245, 1797.
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Synonym
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Acalypha seemannii K1. in Seemann, Bot. Voy. Herald 102, 1853. Acalypha macrostachya a hirsutissima (Willd.) Muell-Arg., Linnaea 34: 11, 1865; DC., Prodr. 15(2): 810, 1866. Acalypha macrostachya /3 sidaefolia (H.B.K.) Muell-Arg., loc. cit. Acalypha macrostachya y macrophylla (H.B.K) Muell.-Arg. in Mart., F1. Bras. 11(2): 345, 1874.
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Description
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Tree, or sometimes shrub, ca 3-8 m high; monoecious or dioecious; trunk ca 3-5 cm diam; stems nearly glabrous to densely tomentose. Leaves membranous; petioles glabrous to densely tomentose (2-)4-20 cm long; stipules broadly lanceo- late to linear-lanceolate, acuminate, flat, sparsely to densely pubescent, 5-13 mm long; blades ovate to ovate-lanceolate, ca 10-20 cm long, 5-15 cm broad, glabrate to tomentose on both surfaces, 5-7-nerved at base, mostly with 6-10 veins on each side, the base barely to distinctly cordate, the margins crenate-serrate with ca 25-60 teeth on a side, the apex abruptly acuminate. Inflorescences axillary, spicate, normally unisexual; female spikes becoming 15-30 cm long, loosely flowered, with ca 15-65 bracts, sometimes distinctly pedunculate; male spikes ca 6-20(-40) cm long, densely flowered, 3-5 mm thick, sessile or short-pedunculate. Pistillate flowers solitary; bracts broader than long, ? reniform, 2.5-3.1 mm long, 4.4-5 mm broad, increasing and foliaceous in fruit to 5-8 mm long, with ca 11-20 shallow acute or acuminate lobes mostly 1.5-2.2 mm long, ? strigose-hirsute especially along the veins; calyx-lobes obscure; ovary densely hispid-tomentose, the styles free, strigose- hispid on the back, pinnatifid along their entire length into, stoutish segments (the longer subequal to the style), mostly 3-4 mm long. Capsules 3.3-3.7 mm in diam, hispid, not glandular; seeds ellipsoidal, narrowed at one end, brownish-gray, smooth (minutely foveolate), ca 1.9-2 mm long, the caruncle an ill-defined whitish streak up to ca 1.5 mm long.
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Habit
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Tree shrub
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Distribution
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Common and widespread from southern Mexico to Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Changuinola River, 10-15 mi S of mouth, Lewis et al. 878 (MO); Changuinola Valley, Lincoln Creek, Dunlap 432 (GH, NY); Chiriqui Lagoon, Water Valley, von Wedel 1640 (GH, MO), 2158 (MO); Western Valley, von Wedel 2701 (GH, MO). CANAL ZONE: Barro Colorado I, Aviles 934 (F), Shattuck 843 (F), 843b (MO, US), Standley 31353 (US), Woodworth & Vestal 439 (A), 561 (A); Cerro Galero, Stern & Chambers 31 (MO); Empire to Mandinga, Piper 5470 (US), 5482 (US); Frijoles, Allen 917 (MO), Piper 5821 (US); Gamboa, Bro. Heriberto 24 (US); 6 mi N of Gamboa, Tyson 3487 (MO); Gatuncillo, Piper 5625 (US); Las Cascadas Plantation, nr Summit, Standley 29514 (US); Madden Dam, Dwyer & Robyns 15 (MO); vic of Rio Cocoli, Stern et al. 340 (DAV, MO); betw Rio Grande & Pedro Vidal, Pittier 2700 (GH, NY, US); 1 mi NW Summit, Blum et al. 2349 (MO). COCLE: N of El Valle de Anton, Allen 3687 (MO), 4219 (MO), Allen & Alston 1848 (F, MO). COLON: vie of Giral, Blum & Tyson 517A (MO). DARIEN: Vie of Garachine, Pittier 5521 (US); Paca, Williams 751 (US); nr Rio Canglon, Duke & Bristan 357 (MO); Rio Pirre, Duke & Bristan 8274 (MO). HERRERA: Macaracas, Rio La Villa, Tyson et al. 3139 (MO). LOS SANTOS: Cerro Grande, Loma Prieta, Lewis et al. 2229 (MO); Guayabo, W of Tonosi, Stern et al. 1890 (MO); 10.8 mi S of Macaracas, Lewis et al. 1619 (MO); 12 mi S of Macaracas, Tyson et al. 3079 (MO). PANAMA: Juan Diaz, Standley 30554 (US); Rio Tapia, Maxon & Harvey 6679 (US), Standley 28230 (US).
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