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(Last Modified On 3/22/2013)
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(Last Modified On 3/22/2013)
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Species
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Mangifera indica L.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Sp. PI. 200, 1753.-Fig 1.
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Description
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Tree 5-40 m high, the branches glabrous. Leaves with petioles 0.8-6.2 cm long; blades oblong-lanceolate to oblong or narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, apically acu- minate or acute (rarely obtuse), basally cuneate to narrowly obtuse, 9-36 cm long, 2-7 cm broad, subcoriaceous or coriaceous, marginally straight or subundulate, glabrous on both surfaces, often glossy above and with prominulous or prominent reticulation. Panicles 15-50 cm long, densely flowered, pyramidal, the branches irregularly pilosulous and often spreading. Flowers 5-merous, the pedicels 0.5-4(-6) mm long; calyx-segments ovate-lanceolate, concave, 1.5-3 mm long, externally pu- bescent, spreading but arcuate and the distil portion ascending; petals oblanceolate or obovate to oblong, acute to obtuse or rounded, plicate toward the base, each producing a ventro-basal flap of tissue extending between the lobes of the disc, yellow or cream or pink (the ventral ridges often dark-red or rose-colored and imparting a streaked appearance to the corolla), 3-5 mm long, spreading or some- what ascending, strongly recurved at the tip; disc consisting of 5 separate (some- times apically coalescent) tumid cushions in a whorl between the stamens and petals and alternate with the petals; stamens 5, 1 large and fertile, the rest reduced to staminodes; ovary obliquely subglobose or ovoid, the style slender, often subequal in length to the fertile stamen. Drupes large (from 6 cm), often oblong or subreni- form, frequently yellow externally (varying from yellow to green or apricot), the mesocarp thick and juicy, often orange or yellow in color.
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Habit
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Tree
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Distribution
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Although a native of the Indian Peninsula, the mango is cultivated through- out Latin America (also in southern Florida and southern California) as well as the tropics of the Old World. In many regions (as in Panama) it has becomes a significant naturalized element of the flora.
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Specimen
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CANAL ZONE: Gatun, Hayes 4 (US); in Government forest along Las Cruces Trail, Hunter & Allen 686 (MO), 758 (MO); Barro Colorado I, Shattuck 96 (F, MO), Wetmore & Abbe 94 (F); along the old Las Cruces Trail, betw Fort Clayton & Corozal, Standley 29171 (US); Obispo, Standley 31757 (US); vic of Miraflores Lake, Cocoli I, White 282 (MO, US), 283 (MO), 284 (MO), 285 (MO), 286 (MO), 287 (MO), 288 (MO), 291 (MO), 292 (MO, US), 293 (MO); s. loc., Epplesheimer s.n. (F), White 253 (MO), 349 (MO), 350 (MO), 351 (MO, US), 352 (MO). CHIRIQUI: 12.4 mi N of David, Lewis et al. 696 (MO). LOS SANTOS: Bahia Honda, Elmore H13 (F, US). PANAMA: Taboga I, Allen 132 (MO).
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Note
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Although several different parts of the mango are utilized in various regions of the world (young leaves, seeds, bark, flowers, etc.), it is the edible fruit which is most sought after. The mango fruit ranks among the leading fruit corps of the world as a whole, furnishing fruit to about 1/5 of the earth's inhabitants (Bark- ley, Missouri Bot. Gard. Bull. 24: 218, 1936). The fruit is eaten raw and used in the preparation of preserves, jellies, tarts, sauces, and chutneys. Good varieties are scarce in many parts of Latin America as little selection is practiced.
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