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(Last Modified On 11/27/2012)
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(Last Modified On 11/27/2012)
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Species
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CASSIA FRUTICOSA Mill.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Gard. Dict. ed. 8, no. 10. 1768
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Reference
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Vogel, in Linnaea 15:67. 1841.
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Synonym
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?Mimosa nodosa L. Sp. P1. 516. 1753, fide Benth. Cassia bacillaris L. f. Suppl. 231. 1781, fide Benth. Cathartocarpus Bacillus Pers. Syn. P1. 1:459. 1805. ?Inga nodosa Willd. Sp. P1. 4:1016. 1806, fide Benth. Bactyrilobium bacillare Hornem. Hort. Bot. Hafn. 1:392. 1813. Cassia puberula HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6:341. 1824, fide Benth. Chaimaefistula bacillaris (L. f.) G. Don, Gen. Hist. Dichl. P1. 2:451. 1832. Chamaefistula puberula (HBK.) G. Don, loc. cit. 1832. Cassia carthaginensis Willd. Herb. ex Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2, 304. 1841. Cassia Fockeana Miq. in Linnaea 18:579. 1844, fide Benth. Chamaefistula fruticosa (Mill.) Pittier in Trab. Mus. Com. Venez. 3:152. 1928. Chamaefistula Valerioi Britt. & Rose, in N. Am. Fl. 23:236. 1930, fide Standl.
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Description
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Shrub or small tree up to 10 m. tall, the branchlets usually glabrous. Leaves large, 4-foliolate; petiole longer than the rachis, 2-6 cm. long, terete to somewhat angled or flattened above; rachis 1-4 cm. long, usually glabrous, bearing between the lower leaflets an oblong-conic gland; stipules linear, early caducous; leaflets large, inequilateral (the apical ones pronouncedly so), ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, up to 18 cm. long and 9 cm. wide, usually glabrous above and lightly short- puberulent below, acute and somewhat acuminate apically, obliquely rounded to obtuse basally, the veins prominent above and below, more or less concolorous with the background; petiolules stout, 3-4 mm. long. Inflorescence terminal or sub- terminal, paniculate or of several racemes from the upper axils, puberulent; bracts caducous; pedicels up to 4 cm. long, puberulent. Flowers yellow; sepals large, more or less oblong, up to 13 mm. long and 7 mm. wide, appressed-pubescent, persistent; petals oblong to obovate-orbicular, up to 3 cm. long and 2 cm. wide, short-clawed, puberulent, lightly venose; functional stamens normally 7, bi- morphic; the 3 lowermost anthers conspicuously rostrate, falcate, 8-9 mm. long, the beak about 2 mm. long and dehiscent by a single upward-directed terminal pore; the 4 median anthers less curved, oblong, about 9 mm. long, subtruncate apically and basally, the short beak oblique and dehiscent by 2 terminal pores; other stamens rudimentary; ovary linear, sessile, tomentose. Legume elongate, linear, up to 30 cm. long and 1 cm. wide, terete or subterete, straight, glabrous, minutely verrucose; seeds transverse.
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Habit
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Shrub tree
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Distribution
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Tropical America from Mexico to Brazil.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Changuinola Valley, Cooper & Slater I09, I30; Darkland, von Wedel 2626; Isla Colon, von Wedel 93; Shepherd Island, von Wedel 2730; Water Valley, von Wedel 6I3. CANAL ZONE: Barro Colorado Island, Shattuck 54; Bellavista, Piper 5I3I; "Chagres", Fendler 87; Fort Randolph, Standley 2867I, 28697; Gatuin, Hayes 360, 369. CHIRIQuf: San Felix, Pittier 5I46. COCLE: Bismarck, Williams 560. PANAMA: Alhajuela, Pittier 23Ig; between Capira and Potrero, Dodge & Hunter 8609; Juan Diaz, Standley 30546; Pacora, Allen III9; Q. Tranquilla, Hunter & Steyermark I72I3; Rio Tecu'men, Ufunter & Allen 236, Standley 26757, 29459. UNKNOWN: "western Panama", Stork 2I?.
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Note
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This species is more commonly located in the herbaria and literature under the name C. bacillaris, a name which it would be well to conserve were there any provision to do so in the international rules.
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