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(Last Modified On 9/25/2013)
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(Last Modified On 9/25/2013)
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Species
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Crotalaria retusa L.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Sp. P1. 715. 1753.
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Note
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TYPE: Lectotype, Ceylon, Herbarium Herman, folio 2:21 (BM).
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Synonym
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Dolichos cunifolius Forssk., Fl. Aegypt. Arab. 134. 1775. TYPE: Arabia, Forsskal, Feb. 1763 (C). Lupinus cochinchinensis Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 429. 1790. TYPE: Not seen, probably not preserved. Crotalaria retusifolia Stokes, Bot. Mater. Medica 3: 516. 1812. Superfluous when published. Crotalaria cunifolia (Forssk.) Schrank, Syll. Ratisb. 2: 78. 1828. Crotalaria hostmanni Steudel, Flora 26: 757. 1843. TYPE: Surinam: In pasture, 1842, Hostmann 593 (P, holotype; NY, W, isotypes).
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Description
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Herb, usually less than 1 m tall, stem striate, strigulose. Leaves unifoliolate, oblanceolate, the apex rounded or mucronulate, the base cuneate, 3.5-9.7 cm long, 1.4-3.6 cm broad, the margins entire, above glabrous, beneath puberulent with loosely appressed trichomes, the veins 7-12 on each side of the midvein; petiole 2-3.5 mm long; stipules frequently absent at flowering time, when present narrowly angular ovate and less than 2.5 mm long. Inflorescenses terminal ra- cemes, bearing 14-20 flowers, bracts narrowly triangular, to 2.5 mm long; per- sistent, pedicels 5-9 mm long; bracteoles narrowly triangular, 0.5-1.0 mm long, puberulent, located at mid-pedicel. Flowers yellow, 17-24 mm long, the calyx 12-14 mm long, the tube truncate, the lobes 1.2-1.8 times as long as the tube, strigulose; corolla yellow, occasionally with purple veins, 17-24 mm long, the standard 14-18 mm long, 17-25 mm broad, retuse, the wings 13-15 mm long, the claws 3-4 mm long, oblong lanceolate, oblique, the keel 16-18 mm long, the twisted beak not prolonged; stamens dimorphic, the long anthers 2.8-3.1 mm long, the short anthers 0.8-1.0 mm long; style with a pubescent stigma, genicu- late, 11-12 mm long. Legume inflated, 3.0-3.8 cm long, glabrous, dark brown to black; seeds ca. 23, tan to brown, oblique cordiform, to 4.5 mm long.
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Habit
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Herb
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Distribution
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naturalized, wide-spread weed in the New World tropics and is the most commonly collected species of the genus in Panama.
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Note
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This species may be confused with C. spectabilis, but is readily separated by bract characters and calyx indument. Standley (1925) lists Costa Rican common names for this species: "quiebra- plato," "gallincillo," "patillo," and the Puerto Rican names "matraca" and " sonajuelas.
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Common
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quiebra- plato gallincillo
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Common
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patillo matraca
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Common
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sonajuelas
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Depression along runway at Bocas, Lazor et al. 2361 (BALT, FSU, MO). Columbus Island, 3 mi inland, Wedel 22 (MO, US). Isla Col6n, Wedel 52, 507 (both GH), 2825 (GH, NY, US). CANAL ZONE: Near Fort Sherman, Bailey & Bailey 687 (GH). Ft. Kobbe, Farfan area, D'Arcy 9621 (MO). Frijoles, Duke 15045 (NY); Ebinger 80 (GH, US). Barro Colorado Island, near Frijoles dock, Foster 582 (DUKE). Pipeline Road between mile markers 0 and 11.1, ca. 16 mi N of Gamboa, Lewis et al. 5419 (SCZ). Balboa, MacBride & Featherstone 33 (F). Gamboa Golf Club, Nee 7297 (US). Near Fort Sherman, Piper 5889 (US). Without locality, Pittier 3860 (US). Near Fort Sherman, Standley 31222 (MO, US); Tyson & Blum 3784 (FSU, SCZ). Pipeline Road NW of Gamboa (ca. 6 mi) Wilbur & Teeri 13345 (DUKE). NW of Gamboa ca. 16 mi, Wilbur & Teeri 13401 (DUKE). Lim6n Bay, S of Fort Sherman, Witherspoon & Witherspoon 8680 (MO). CHIRIQUi: Puerto Armuelles, Busey 512 (DUKE). Manzanillo, 9 km SSW of Puerto Armuelles, Busey 736 (MO, NY). Quebrado Tuco 9 mi S of Puerto Armuelles, Croat 22090 (F, MO). Puerto Armuelles, Woodson & Schery 813 (GH, US). COCLE: Panamerican Highway at Rio Chico bridge 1/2 km S of Natd, Nee 10771 (US). 1- 5 mi S of Ant6n on old road to coast, Tyson & Blum 2585 (FSU, MO, SCZ). COLON: Maria Chiquita E of Rio Piedras toward Portobelo, Dwyer & Kirkbride 7781 (GH, US). Road to Pifia at mouth of Chagres River, Kirkbride & Hayden 317 (SCZ). Nuevo Chagres, Lewis et al. 1854 (GH, MO, US). Between Pifia and Gatin, Luteyn 1274 (DUKE, F, MO). PANAMA: Juan Diaz, Carretera Central, Castillo 22 (DUKE, GH). Near Caffitas, D'Arcy 9425 (BALT, MO). Near Pacora, D'Arcy 9633 (BALT, MO). Between Panama and Chepo, Dodge et al. 16666 (GH). Between Rio Pacora and Chepo, Porter et al. (SCZ). Taboga Island, Standley 27973 (US). W of Chepo on road to Panama City, Tyson 5370 (FSU, SCZ). Camino de Pacora, Wendehake 20 (DUKE, FSU, GH, US). WITHOUT LOCALITY: Cultivated, Heriberto 92 (US); Gale (SCZ).
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