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(Last Modified On 11/15/2012)
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(Last Modified On 11/15/2012)
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Species
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ENTEROLOBIUM CYCLOCARPUM (Jacq.)- Griseb.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 226. 1861.
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Synonym
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Mimosa cyclocarpa Jacq. Fragm. Bot. 30, t. 34, f. I. 1801. Inga cyclocarpa Willd. Sp. PI. 4:1026. 1806. ?Prosopis dubia HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6:309. 1824, fide Benth. Pithecolobium cyclocarpuin Mart. in Flora 202:Beibl. 115. 1837. Mimosa Parota Sesse & Mog. P1. Nov. Hisp. 257. 1887. Feuilleea cyclocarpa Ktze. Rev. Gen. P1. 1:184. 1891.
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Description
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Spreading tree, often very large and buttressed on the trunk, the branchlets puberulent to glabrous, smooth. Leaves moderate, twice compound, few-ranked; petiole up to about 8 cm. long, subterete, swollen basally, glabrous or somewhat puberulent, bearing an ovoid gland on the upper side usually near the middle; rachis up to 15 or more cm. long, shallowly sulcate and submarginate above, glabrous or somewhat puberulent, bearing subcupular glands between the terminal and usually penultimate insertions of the pinnae; pinnae 4-15 pairs, opposite on the rachis, the pinnular rachis with sessile or partly sunken, oblong, concave glands near insertion of the terminal 1-4 pairs of leaflets; leaflets 15-30 pairs, opposite, small, inequilaterally oblong or oblong-subfalcate, 8-15 mm. long, obliquely rounded basally, obliquely acute-mucronate apically, subglabrous and dark above, appressed-puberulent and lighter below, the costa excentric; stipules not evident. Inflorescence of 1-3 pedunculate heads from several foliate or (more frequently) defoliate nodes of the young branchlets; peduncle 2-4 cm. long, puberulent or subglabrous; head globular, 10-15 mm. in diameter, multiflorate; bracts minute. Flowers small, sessile, whitish; calyx short tubular-campanulate, about 3 mm. long, puberulent or subglabrous on the tube, canescent-tomentulose on tips of the lobes, valvate in bud; corolla tubular-funnelform, 5-6 mm. long, subglabrous except canescent-tomentulose toward the tip, valvate in bud; stamens many, up to 12 mm. long, filaments united into a staminal tube for about half their length; anthers quadrangular, unappendaged; ovary glabrous, subsulcate laterally; style about equalling or slightly exceeding the stamens. Legume reniform, about 10 cm. across and 3-6 cm. wide, compressed, glabrous, lustrous, curved into a nearly complete circle.
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Habit
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tree
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Distribution
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Mexico to northern South America.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Changuinola Valley, Cooper d Slater 94. CANAL ZONE: Balboa, Standley 3084 (sterile). CHIRIQUf: Progreso, Cooper d Slater 283 (sterile). COCLE: La Venta, Muenscher 16326; Penonome, Williams 288. PANAMA: Chepo, Kluge 35; Punta Paitilla, Piper 5I39.
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Note
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The species apparently grades into E. timboiuva Mart. of eastern and southern South America. E. cyclocarpum is said to have a number of local uses, such as the pulp of the fruit for food and as a soap substitute, a gum from the trunk as a remedy, and the wood of the harder specimens, easily worked and polished and seasoning well, as a decorative or cabinet wood. Except in fruit the species may easily be confused with Albizzia malacocarpa and A. idiopoda (northern Central America): the leaflets in these species of Albizzia, however, are not as markedly mucronate apically as with E. cyclocarunm.
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