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(Last Modified On 8/7/2013)
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(Last Modified On 8/7/2013)
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Species
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Gasteranthus delphinioides (Seem.) Wiehl.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Selbyana 1; 155. 1975.
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Synonym
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Drymonia delphinioides Seem., Bot. Voy. Herald 186. 1854. TYPE: Cabo Corrientes, Choco6 Colombia, Seemann 1054 (BM, holotype; photo, US). Besleria subcoriacea Morton, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29(1): 28. 1944. TYPE: Bahia Solano, dense forest along Quebrada Jellita, Choco, Colombia, Killip & Garcia 33486 (US, holo-type). Besleria callista Standl. & L. 0. Wms., Ceiba 1: 248. 1951. TYPE: Forested hills along the upper Rio Piedras Blancas, vicinity of Rio Esquinas, Prov. of Puntarenas, Costa Rica, Allen 5589 (US, MO, isotypes). Besleria delphinioides (Seem.) Leeuw., Acta Bot. Neerl. 8: 49. 1959.
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Description
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Terrestrial herbs or low shrubs; stems erect with few branches, terete, pilose toward the apex, glabrescent below. Leaves nearly equal in a pair, lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, 7-16 cm long, 4.2-10.0 cm wide, subcoriaceous, the apex acute, the base cuneate, or acute, subentire to serrulate, above dark green, glabrous, below lighter green, with darker strigillose veins; petiole thick, 1.0-2.5 cm long, strigose. Inflorescences axillary but appearing terminal by reduction of the stem apex, shorter than the leaves; peduncles 2-7 cm long, sparsely pilose; pedicels ca. 1 cm long. Flowers showy, one to a few per in- florescence; calyx lobes nearly free, unequal, the anterior and the lateral lobes broadly ovate, to 1.5 cm long, ca. 1 cm wide at base, the posterior lobe deflexed by the corolla spur and longer, serrulate to entire, membranous to subcoriaceous, sparsely pilose; corolla white, yellow or pinkish, with reddish streaks or spots or orange yellow inside, horizontal in the calyx tube with a conspicuously curved acute spur ca. 2 cm long, campanulate, ventricose, 3.5-7.0 cm long, the limb bilabiate with the lower lobe exceeding the upper lobes, sparsely pilose, the lobes short and recurved; stamens held well within the corolla tube, ca. 1.5 cm long, the anthers coherent by their apices; stigma bibbed. Fruit and seeds not seen.
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Habit
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herbs or low shrubs
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Note
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When in flower Gasteranthus delphinioides is distinctive by the large campanulate flowers which are almost certainly visited and pollinated by euglossine bees. In vegetative condition plants of this species resemble G. acropodus, but the latter species is usually larger in habit (1-5 in in height), found at higher elevations, and has membranous leaves.
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Distribution
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ranges from Costa Rica to Colombia; in Pananma plants may be found at low elevations in the provinces of Colon, Darien, Panama, San Blas, and Veraguas.
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Specimen
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COLON: Rio Guanche ca. 3-5 mi inland, 10-100 m, Croat 26176, 26209 (both MO). Rio Guanche, Foster 2810 (MO). DARIEN: Ascent of Cerro Pirre from Rio Pirre S of El Real, 750-1030 m, Duke 5331 (MO). 10 mi S of El Real on Rio Pirre, Duke 5458 (MO). Quebrada Bidoto (Peccary Creek) off Rio Areti, Duke 13600 (MO). Stream between Cerro Pirre and next southern peak, Folsom 4371 (MO). Trail from Cerro Pirre to village of Pirre, Gentry 4780 (MO). Manene to mouth of Rio Cuasi, Kirkbride & Bristan 1412 (MO). Rio Balsa near Rio Cuasi, Kirkbride & Duke 1387 (MO). PANAMA: El Llano-Carti highway 19 km N of El Llano, Dressler 4277 (DUKE, F, MO, PMA). SAN BLAS: Trail to Darien from Puerto Obaldia, 10-15 km WSW of Puerto Obaldia, floodplain of Rio Armila, Mori et al. 6851 (MO). VERAGUAS: Guabal, Rio Dos Bocas, 16 km NW of Santa Fe, 500 m, Dressier 4815, 5022 (both PMA).
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