Home Iridaceae of sub-Saharan Africa
Genera
Species
Iridaceae in sub-Saharan Africa
Photo Gallery
Geographic Search
References
Search Builder
About this project
!Romulea tortuosa (Licht. ex Roem. & Schult.) Baker Search in The Plant ListSearch in IPNISearch in Australian Plant Name IndexSearch in NYBG Virtual HerbariumSearch in Muséum national d'Histoire naturelleSearch in Type Specimen Register of the U.S. National HerbariumSearch in Virtual Herbaria AustriaSearch in JSTOR Plant ScienceSearch in SEINetSearch in African Plants Database at Geneva Botanical GardenAfrican Plants, Senckenberg Photo GallerySearch in Flora do Brasil 2020Search in Reflora - Virtual HerbariumSearch in Living Collections Decrease font Increase font Restore font
 

Published In: Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 16: 88. 1877. (J. Linn. Soc., Bot.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 6/6/2016)
Acceptance : Accepted
Taxon Profile     (Last Modified On 11/28/2016)
Description: Plants 30–100 mm high. Corm hemispherical, 7–20 mm diam., obliquely flattened on one side and convex on the other, with wide, crescent- or fan-shaped, sometimes almost vertical basal ridge as wide as corm or wider, tunics woody, split into parallel fibrils irregularly grouped along ridge. Stem subterranean. Leaves 4 to 8, all basal, sometimes flexuous or twisted, condupliacte and bifacial almost to tip with adaxial groove open, narrowly 4-grooved beneath, 0.5–1.0 mm diam., glabrous or ciliolate to cilate or pilose along rib margins. Peduncles 1 to 4, to 80 mm long, subterete, curved or reflexed to spirally twisted in fruit; outer and inner bracts largely membranous or submembranous, greenish apically or with green or reddish veins, white or brownish to brown-stippled, 10–25 mm long, widely striate (3 or 4 veins/mm). Flowers pale to golden-yellow with darker cup sometimes extending onto base of tepals, unmarked or with tridentate or spade-shaped black blotch in throat, sometimes reduced to black veins, outer tepals sometimes greenish brown on reverse, sweetly scented; perianth tube funnel-shaped, 3–10 mm long; tepals oblanceolate to elliptic, 10–40 × 2–12 mm. Filaments 3–10 mm long, pilose basally, yellow; anthers 3–10 mm long, yellow. Style dividing shortly below or beyond anther apices, branches 2–6 mm long,  divided halfway. Capsules subglobose to ellipsoid, 6–10 mm long. Flowering time: June–Sept.
Country: South Africa
South African Province: Northern Cape, Western Cape
Distribution and ecology: from the near interior of the Northern and Western Cape, on the Kamiesberg and the Bokkeveld Escarpment south through the Cold Bokkeveld and Swartruggens to Worcester and inland across the Hantam Plateau to Williston and along the Roggeveld to Laingsburg; in seasonally wet, loamy or clay flats and seepages, mainly in renosterveld shrublands, often forming dense colonies.
Diagnosis: usually immediately recognized by the several, often flexuous leaves bifacial to the tips and sometimes conspicuously ciliate or pilose, the yellow flowers subtended by ± entirely membranous bracts and bracteoles, and the often strongly vertically flattened corm with broad, fan-like basal rim. Some forms of Romulea tortuous have been confused with R. austinii but that species has fewer leaves, 2 to 4(6) that are unifacial in the upper half and never more than sparsely ciliolate, and only partially membranous bracts and bracteoles that are green and herbaceous or subherbaceous in the upper half.

The species varies greatly in the size and markings of the flowers, which vary from less than 25 mm long and pale yellow with conspicuous dark black or brown blotches to over 40 mm long and golden-yellow without markings. Three subspecies were recognised by De Vos (1972) to accommodate this variation: subsp. tortuosa for plants with golden-yellow flowers mostly more than 25 mm long, usually with dark markings in the throat and occurring throughout the range of the species; subsp. aurea for similar large-flowerd forms without markings, from the Bokkeveld and Roggeveld; and subsp. depauperata for plants with smaller, paler yellow flowers mostly less than 25 mm long with or without dark markings, from the Cold Bokkeveld to Worcester. The morphological and geographical distinctions between these three variants is, however inconsistent, and that between subsp. aurea and subsp. tortuousa is especially untenable given the intra-population variation evident in the Bokkeveld and Roggeveld.


 
 


 

Specimens whose coordinates are enclosed in square brackets [ ] have been mapped to a standard reference mark based on political units.
 
 
© 2024 Missouri Botanical Garden - 4344 Shaw Boulevard - Saint Louis, Missouri 63110