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!Tritoniopsis ramosa (Eckl. ex Klatt) G.J. Lewis Search in The Plant ListSearch in IPNISearch in Australian Plant Name IndexSearch in NYBG Virtual HerbariumSearch in Muséum national d'Histoire naturelleSearch in Type Specimen Register of the U.S. National HerbariumSearch in Virtual Herbaria AustriaSearch in JSTOR Plant ScienceSearch in SEINetSearch in African Plants Database at Geneva Botanical GardenAfrican Plants, Senckenberg Photo GallerySearch in Flora do Brasil 2020Search in Reflora - Virtual HerbariumSearch in Living Collections Decrease font Increase font Restore font
 

Published In: Journal of South African Botany 25: 326. 1959. (J. S. African Bot.) Name publication detail
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 6/6/2016)
Acceptance : Accepted
Taxon Profile     (Last Modified On 7/22/2016)
Description: Plants 120–500 mm high. Corm 18–30 mm diam.; tunics of densely matted fibres, with short or long collar. Stem decurved at base then suberect or erect, simple or usually branched with up to 4 suberect or rarely divaricate branches, short to half as long as stem, slender or relatively robust. Basal leaves 3 to 6, green or dry at flowering, blade linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, 100–250 × 2–8(–12) mm, acuminate, narrowed and pseudoetiolate below, with 1 or 2(4) veins; cauline leaves 3 to 6, lower 1–3 subulate, upper 1 or 2 bract-like, brown. Spike laxly or moderately densely 4–18-flowered, 50–180 mm long, lateral spikes shorter, 1–8-flowered; bracts greenish at base, dry and brown above, soft-textured or leathery, oblong or ovate, outer 5–10 mm long, acute or obtuse or shortly apiculate, inner slightly longer. Flowers zygomorphic, pale to deep pink, lower 3 tepals with red median streak flanked by white streaks, unscented; perianth tube narrowly funnel-shaped, 7–15(–20) mm long, tepals unequal, dorsal larger, arched over stamens, oblanceolate-spathulate, clawed in lower 2/3, 20–28 × (3–)4–6 mm, obtuse or emarginate, other tepals recurved in distal 1/3, 20–25 × 3–5 mm, upper laterals joined to lower laterals for ± 1 mm and lower 3 joined at base for 5–7 mm. Filaments arcuate, later recurved, 15–18 mm long; anthers 5–7 mm long, pink or lilac, with acuminate, recurved apiculus 1–1.5 mm long. Style 24–28 long, dividing opposite upper half or beyond anthers, branches 3–4 mm long. Capsules ellipsoid to obovoid, slightly inflated, (6–)8–12(–15) × 8–10 mm, pale or greenish with dark bands along the sutures. Seeds tetrahedral, 3–4 mm long, narrowly winged on angles. Flowering time: mainly Jan.–Apr.
Type specimen: C.F. Ecklon - Irid 70 - G
Country: South Africa
South African Province: Western Cape
Distribution and ecology: relatively widespread through the coastal mountains of Western Cape, extending from the Cedarberg and Cold Bokkeveld to the Kogelberg and from the Riviersonderend Mtns and Langeberg to the Outeniqua Mtns; on sandy, rocky or seasonally marshy sandstone slopes, from 600–1 500 m.
Diagnosis: a variable species with moderately sized pink flowers with perianth tube 7–15(–20) mm long and narrow tepals, the dorsal 20–28 × (3–)4–6 and the lower tepals 3–5 mm wide. The capsules are diagnostic for the species, being unusually small, (6–)8–12(–15) × 8–10 mm, and pale or greenish with dark bands along the sutures. Flowering plants are sometimes less easily identified. Typical forms with laxly branched stems are readily recognised but unbranched plants are more difficult to place. It is separated from T. laxa by the generally smaller flowers with narrower tepals; from T. pulchella by the mostly shorter perianth tube and more slender stems; and from T. dodii by the usually softer bracts and the conspicuously apiculate anthers.

Populations with a longer perianth tube, 13–20 mm long, were distinguished from the typical variety with perianth tube 7–10 mm long as var. unguiculata by G.J.Lewis (1959) but the species is very variable for this character even in one locality, probably as an adaptation to the local pollination fauna. There is a trend for longer-tubed populations in the southern Cape east of the Hottentots Holland Mtns but this is not consistent. Collections of relatively robust plants from the Langeberg near Swellendam with leaves up to 12 mm wide and perianth tube 12–15 mm long were separated as var. robusta G.J.Lewis (1959) but represent only one extreme in the variation reciorded in the species.

Pollination: the species is pollinated by long-tongued solitary bees (Anthophoridae), including Amegilla species.

 
 


 

Specimens whose coordinates are enclosed in square brackets [ ] have been mapped to a standard reference mark based on political units.
 
 
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