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(Last Modified On 3/21/2013)
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(Last Modified On 3/21/2013)
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Species
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Strychnos panamensis Seemann
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PlaceOfPublication
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Bot. Voy. Herald 166, 1854.-Fig. 5 (A-D)
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Description
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Vine or clambering shrub; young branchlets green, compressed, sparsely or moderately (but unevenly) pilose in strips down opposite sides with slender and unbranched trichomes 0.2-1 mm long; older branches terete, glabrous, developing brown or grayish-brown bark. Leaves with petioles 1.5-7(-15) mm long which are pilose (but not densely so) with trichomes to 1 mm long; blades ovate to ovate- lanceolate or elliptic, apically acuminate or sometimes acute, basally acute to rounded or cordate, 4-12 cm long, 1.5-5 cm broad, membranous to subcoriaceous, very sparsely pilose along the principal veins (above and below) and along the margins with simple trichomes 0.2-1 mm long, less frequently entirely glabrous, 3(5)-plinerved, the primary nerves raised below and somewhat impressed above, the reticulation on both surfaces ranging from apparent to prominulous (rarely obscure above). Infloresences terminal, cymose. Flowers with pedicels obsolete to ca 3.5 mm long (in each 3-flowered dichasial component of the terminal cyme the central pedicel is manifestly shorter than the 2 lateral pedicels, the central flower thus often appearing subsessile); calyx-lobes slender-lanceolate to slightly ovate-lanceolate, 2.5-4 mm long, marginally ciliate but otherwise glabrous, the tube absent to ca 0.5 mm long; corolla salverform, white to green or yellow, ex- ternally minutely papillose (not with well defined trichomes), the tube 13-24 mm long, 1-2.5 mm broad, conspicuously pilose internally with trichomes to 1 mm long except near the throat and base, the lobes linear-lanceolate, 3-4.5 mm long, densely papillose internally; anthers 0.7-1 mm long, glabrous, exserted from the corolla-tube by 1.5-3 mm on filaments adnate to the corolla-tube to the throat but extending beyond; ovary 1-1.5 mm long, 2-locular, passing almost imperceptibly into the long tapering style, the style exserted by 2-4 mm, terminated by a small capitate and unlobed stigma. Fruit globose, 2.5-8 cm in diameter, frequently turn- ing orange, the pulp yellowish or light orange, several to oo-seeded.
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Habit
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Vine shrub
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Distribution
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Occurring from the Pacific Coast of tropical Mexico, through Central America to northeastern Venezuela and northern Colombia. Krukoff (loc. cit. 30) states that S. panamensis is "By far the most frequently collected species in Central America and one of the three species (the other two being S. tabascana and S. nigricans) which are found in Mexico."
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Specimen
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CANAL ZONE: ViC of Summit, Allen 4573 (F); Barro Colorado I, Bailey & Bailey 306 (F), Bangham 431 (F, US), Dwyer 1475 (MO), Frost 185 (F), Killip 39995 (US), 40007 (US), Shattuck 310 (F), Standley 31307 (US), Wetmore & Abbe 138 (F), Zetek 3617 (F, MO); nr beach at Fort Kobbe, Duke 4220 (MO); shore, Fairchild Point, Hayden 17 (MO); Rio Agua Salud, nr Frijoles, Piper 5865 (US), 5875 (US); along the Trinidad River, Pittier 4007 (US); Balboa, Standley 25457 (US); hills W of the Canal, nr Gatun, Standley 27213 (US); Rio Paraiso, above East Paraiso, Standley 29868 (US); vic of Fort Sherman, Standley 30978 (US); Obispo, Standley 31710 (US); vic of Rio Cocoli, rd K-9, on roadside, Stern 'et al. 35 (MO); Chiva Chiva Trail nr Miraflores Lake, Tyson & Blum 3570 (MO); Rio Cocoli opposite lighthouse, White 100 (F, MO); mouth of Cocoli River, White 144 (F, MO); vic of Miraflores Lake, White 168 (F, MO). CHIRIQUI: vic of Puerto Armuelles, Woodson & Schery 815 (MO, US). COCLE: Penonome & vic, Williams 389 (US). DARIEN: betw Quebrada Venado & Peje Swamp on the headwaters of Rio Tuqueza, Bristan 1029 (MO); Rio Chucunaque, betw Rio Membrillo & Rio Subcuti, Duke 8604 (MO); Rio Pucro, below village of Pucro, Duke 13139 (MO); Puerta St. Dorothea, Dwyer 2208 (MO, US). PANAMA: La Campana, Bouche' 12 (US); Vacanronte Bay, Bouche' s.n. (MO); gallery along Rio Terable, nr Pan-Amer. Hwy & El Llano, Duke 5672 (MO); San Jose I, mouth of Rio Marino, Johnston 1299 (MO, US); Taboga I, Maxon 6910 (US), Pittier 3543 (US), Seemann s.n. (type K, not seen), Standley 27047 (US), 27848 (US), Woodson et al. 1517 (F, MO); Rio Tapia, Standley 26125 (US), 28086 (US); nr the big swamp E of the Rio Tocumen, Standley 26596 (US); Rio Tocumen, Standley 26730 (US), 29446 (US); Juan Diaz, Standley 30564 (US); betw Matias Hernandez & Juan Diaz, Standley 32091 (US).
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