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(Last Modified On 3/12/2013)
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(Last Modified On 3/12/2013)
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Species
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SIDA ACUTA Burm. f.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Fl. Ind. 147. 1768.
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Synonym
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Sida ulmifolia Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8. 1768. Sida carpinifolia L. f., Suppl. P1. Syst. Veg. 307. 1781. Sida acuta var. carpinifolia (L. f.) K. Schum. in Mart., Fl. Bras. 12(3): 326. 1891.
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Description
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Herb, suffrutex or shrub, perennial, erect, seldom spreading, 0.2-1.8 m high, usually much branched mostly from the base, glabrescent or sparsely pubescent with short stellate and/or long simple hairs, seldom copiously pubescent. Leaves distichous, short-petiolate, the petiole 2.5-8 mm long, the stipules conspicuous, narrowly ovate to linear, 7-15 mm long, usually 3-nerved, persistent; blade ovate to narrowly oblong-ovate, sometimes more or less ovate or elliptic or even some- what rhombic, more or less asymmetric, obtuse to rounded at the base, acute at the apex, finely to coarsely serrate or dentate-serrate at the margin, rarely crenate, variously sized, 1.5-10 cm long and 0.8-3.5 cm broad, 3(-5)-palminerved, green on both sides, minutely stellate-puberulus and/or with scattered, rather long and mostly simple whitish hairs, or glabrescent, the venation slightly prominent be- neath. Flowers axillary, solitary or in small, pseudo-umbellate inflorescences, the pedicel slender, articulated generally below the middle, 2-12 mm long; calyx broadly campanulate, subplicate-5-angulate, 6-9 mm long, foliaceous, 10-ribbed, sparsely to densely hirsute on margins and veins, and/or sometimes minutely stellate-puberulus, or nearly glabrous, moderately accrescent, the lobes broadly triangular, gradually acuminate, ca 3-5.5 mm long and 3-4.8 mm broad, infre- quently shallowly triangular, caudate-cuspidate, ca 2.5-3.5 mm long and 5-7 mm broad, the cusp ca 1-1.5 mm long; petals broadly obovate-cuneate, strongly oblique, subretuse at the apex, 8-10 mm long and 6-8.5 mm broad, yellow, infrequently white; androecium 5-6 mm long, the staminal tube ca 3-4 mm long, minutely stellate-puberulus, rarely glabrous, the filaments numerous, ca 2 mm long; styles filiform, 5-5.5 mm long, connate at the base for ca 1-2 mm. Mericarps 7-9(-12), triquetrous, 2.5-4 mm long, chartaceous, the dorsum with the lower part rugose- reticulate and glabrous, and with the upper part minutely puberulus and with 2 longitudinal, low crests, each terminating into a short beak up to 0.8 mm long, the lateral walls more or less reticulate; seeds trigonous, ca 2-2.5 mm long, puberulus around the hilum.
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Habit
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Herb suffrutex
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Habit
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shrub
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Distribution
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A weedy, polymorphic plant, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres; savannas, fields, waste ground and moist thickets.
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Note
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The fibers of the stem of the escobilla are used for making cordage, and bundles of the tough branches serve generally in place of ordinary brooms and brushes.
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Key
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a. Calyx lobes broadly triangular, gradually acuminate, ca 3-4 mm long and 3-3.5 mm broad; staminal tube minutely stellate-puberulus - var. ACUTA aa. Calyx lobes shallowly triangular, caudate-cuspidate, ca 2.5-3.5 mm long and 5-7 mm broad, the cusp ca 1-1.5 mm long; staminal tube glabrous - var. cUSPIDATA
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