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(Last Modified On 11/19/2012)
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(Last Modified On 11/19/2012)
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Species
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PIPER AURITUM H.B.K.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:54. 1815.
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Synonym
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Schilleria aurita Kunth, in Linnaea 13:713. 1839. Artanthe aurita Miq. Syst. Pip. 400. 1844. Artanthe Seemanniana Miq. in Seem. Bot. Voy. Herald, 199, p1. 39. 1854, not Piper Seemannianum C.DC. Piper auritum var. amplifolium C.DC. in DC. Prod. 161:321. 1869. Piper auritum var. Seemannianum (Miq.) Trel. in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 26:40. 1927. Piper beraldi Trel. in Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 27:292. 1940. Piper heraldi var. amplius Trel. loc. cit. 1940. Piper heraldi var. cocleanum Trel. loc. cit. 1940. Piper Alstoni Trel. loc. cit. 286. 1940.
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Description
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A small, soft-wooded, commonly more or less aromatic tree, 3-6 m. tall, often occurring in clumps; flowering internodes moderately slender and long, striate, often drying black, glabrate or sometimes slightly pubescent; leaves ovate, oblong- or elliptic-ovate, 12-20 cm. wide X 20-30 cm. long, or occasionally up to 25 X 40 cm. or more, apex acute or short-acuminate, base deeply cordate with one side 1-2 cm. longer at the petiole and with the lower lobe longer, sinus rounded to the petiole, the midrib with 3 or 4 upcurved branches from below the upper third and 3 or 4 branches from the base, rather thinly short-hairy above at least along the nerves, more densely so beneath, densely white-ciliolate throughout, drying thin, translucent; petiole 4-9 plus 1-2 cm. long, more or less pubescent or glabrate, vaginate-winged to the blade; spikes creamy or light-yellow when dry, 3-5 mm. thick X 10-25 cm. long; peduncle slender, 2-8 cm. long, glabrate, often black when dry; bracts round- or triangular-subpeltate, marginally fringed; fruit small, glabrate, obpyramidal-trigonous; stigmas 3, sessile.
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Habit
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tree
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Distribution
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West Indies and on the mainland from Mexico through Central America and northern South America.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Changuinola Valley, Dunlap 403; Laguna de Chiriqui, Hart I26; vicinity of Nievecita, alt. 0-50 m., Woodson, Allen d Seibert I813; vicinity of Chiriqui Lagoon, von Wedel I194. CHIRIQUI: Finca Lerida to Boquete, alt. 1300-1700 m., Wood- son, Allen & Seibert I095; Cerro de la Plata, near San Felix, alt. 120-150 m., Pittier 5159; vicinity of David, alt. 30-80 m., Pittier 2829. COCLE: Penonomei, Williams 434; north rim of El Valle, Alston & Allen I842; vicinity of El Valle, alt. 600-1000 m., Allen II92. CANAL ZONE: Barro Colorado Island, Bailey & Bailey 27; Bangham 590; Monkey Hill, Lehmann 1004; Cowell 22; between Chagres Batteries and Fort San Lorenzo, Fort Sherman Military Reservation, Maxon & Valentine 6983; Rio Agua Salud, near Frijoles, Piper 5844; between Gorgona and Gatu'n, alt. 10-50 m., Pittier 2263; Gatu'n, Standley 27244; Stevens 833; Riley io8; Fort Sherman, Standley 30934; Stevens 263; headwaters of the Rio Chinilla, above Nuevo Limon, Maxon 6898; forests of northerly arm of Quebrada Sala- manca as far as falls, alt. 70 m., Steyerntark- & Allen I7140. COLON: "Aspinwall," Hayes 835; around Porto Bello, alt. 5-100 m., Pittier 2441; beach between Fato and Playa de Damas, Pittier 3933; along Rio Fat6, alt. 10-100 m., Pittier 3909; vicinity of Santa Isabel, Pittier 4I77; Puerto Obaldia, San Blas coast, alt. 0-50 m., Pittier 4380. PANAMA: Man- zanillo Island, Hayes 40, 706; Charare River, near Chepo, alt. 100-200 in., Pittier 4709; vicinity of Arenoso, lower Rio Trinidad, alt. 26-50 m., Seibert 623. DARIEN: Boca de Cupe, Williams 785; headwaters Rio Chico, alt. 150-225 m., Allen 4603.
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Note
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The thin, deeply and inequilaterally cordate leaves more or less pubescent on both sides and densely ciliolate, long, blackening peduncles, and comparatively small, yellowish spikes distinguish this species.
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