Tropicos | Name - !Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.

!Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.

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Project Name Data (Last Modified On 6/2/2011)

Acceptance : Accepted

Project Data (Last Modified On 6/3/2011)

Flower/Fruit : Fl. & Fr. Per.: June-October.

Type : Type locality: Europe (typification undecided).

Distribution : Distribution: Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Punjab, N.W.F.P., Gilgit & Kashmir); warm temperate and subtropical regions of the world, extending into the tropics (but scarcely so in Africa).

Comment/Acknowledgements : Echinochloa crus-galli (Cockspur Grass, Cockspur Panic-grass, Barn-yard Grass, Barnyard Millet) is distinguished by its untidy racemes of acuminate or awned spikelets. It is a polymorphic weed of warm temperate and subtropical regions, whose numerous intergrading races are apparently the consequence of cleistogamous self-pollination. There is much uncertainty as to which segregates are worth recognising as species (see, for example, Gould, Fairbrothers and Ali in Amer. Midl. Nat. 7: 36-59.1972 for North America; and Vickery in Flora New South Wales, Gram. 189-211.1975 for Australia).

Certain specimens among those cited are unusual in that the lower lemma is indurated. Such specimens are found occasionally among populations of Echinochloa crusgalli (notably in India and Pakistan), and have been separated as Echinochloa glabrescens.

This is said to be a good fodder grass, once sown for its grain in Lahore district and occasionally still eaten in times of want. It is common in marshy places and rice fields below 3000 m.

Illustration :

Map Location : B-6 Chitral dist.: Koghosi, 5500', S.A. Bowes Lyon 8 (RAW); Bombrait Valley, M. Qaiser & A. Ghafoor 6691 (KUH); B-7 Hazara dist.: Shogran, 7500', Sultanul Abedin & M. Qaiser 8827 (KUH); Kagan Valley, M. Inayat Khan 20338 (K, RAW); Swat dist.: Kalam - Sho nala, 7-8000', A. Rahman Beg 232 (K); Utror-Kalam, 7000', E. Nasir & M.A. Siddiqi 1007 (RAW); B-8 Kashmir: Anchar Lake, near Srinagar, R.R. Stewart 8086 (K); Baltistan: c. 1½ miles east of Skardu, 7500', G.L. Webster & E. Nasir 6580 (K); Skardu, 8000', 5 August 1940, R.R. Stewart s.n. (RAW); C-7 Rawalpindi dist.: Potha, Murree Hills, 4400', R.R. Stewart 23282 (K); Topi Park, R.R. Stewart 7740 (RAW); D-4 Quetta dist.: Urak, M. Qaiser 50 (KUH), 2467 (K); Quetta, Forest Nursery, 5300', Y. Nasir & Zaffar Ali 5792 (RAW); Sibi dist.: Baleli, M. Qaiser 17 (K); near Governor House, Ziarat, SA. Faruqi & M. Qaiser 2386 (KUH); D-6 D.I. Khan dist.: Rashid Ali 2186 (RAW); D-7 Sheikhupura dist.: Sultan Ahmad 20d (KUH); Lahore dist.: 3 miles from Changa Manga on way to Chunyan, Sultanul Abedin 7543 (KUH); E-4 Baluchistan: Yateabad, 3400', Shaharyar Khan 15 (RAW); F-5 Sukkur dist.: Saran to Goth near Sukkur Airport, M. Qaiser & A. Ghafoor 4307 (KUH); G-5 Hyder¬abad dist.: Badin, M. Maqsood 2 (KUH).