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(Last Modified On 6/3/2013)
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(Last Modified On 6/3/2013)
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Species
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Vernonia patens H.B.K.
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Synonym
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Veronia lanceolaris DC., Prodr. 5: 37. 1836. Veronia pacchenis Benth., P1. Hartw. 134. 1844. Veronia aschenborniana Schauer in Ness & Schauer, Linnaea 19: 714. 1847. Cacalia lanceolaris (DC.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. P1. 970. 1891. Cacalia patens (H.B.K.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. P1. 970. 1891. Vernonia salamana Gleason, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 46: 242. 1919.
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Description
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Shrub or small tree to 8 m tall, freely branched; branches erect, striate, lignescent, puberulous to tomentulose on the younger stems, glabrescent. Leaves short petiolate; petioles terete, 2-10 cm long; blades lanceolate to narrowly oblong, acute to acuminate at the apex, cuneate to obtuse at the base, 3-15 cm long, 1-3 cm broad, marginally entire to serrulate, rugose and nearly glabrous to sparsely pubescent above, puberulent to strigillose beneath, lateral veins weakly ascending, 8-20 pairs. Inflorescences in terminal much-branched corymbs or panicles, the cymes becoming scorpioid. Heads with 21-27 florets, sessile to subsessile, foliar bracts absent; involucre broadly campanulate, 4-5 mm high, 5-6-seriate, closely imbricate, oblong to suborbicular, obtuse to apiculate at the apex, glabrous to puberulent, ciliate, pale green with brown midrib or tip; corolla salverform, 5-6 mm long, 5-lobed, the lobes triangular, 1.5-2.5 mm long; stamens 5, the anthers 1.8-2.3 mm long, apically acute, basally obtusely sagittate; styles 5-6 mm long, the 2 branches 1.5-2.5 mm long, antrorsely puberulent. Achenes narrowly turbinate to subcylindric, obscurely ribbed, 1.3-1.8 mm long, minutely puberulent; pappus fulvous, biseriate, the inner bristles linear, 4.0-5.5 mm long, the outer series subulate, 0.3-0.8 mm long.
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Habit
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Shrub or small tree
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Distribution
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extending from southern Mexico to tropical South America.
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Note
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Generally found near sea level, Vernonia patens also occurs up to approximately 1500 m elevation in thickets and disturbed areas.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Region of Almirante, Cooper 530 (NY). CANAL ZONE: Miraflores Annex, Blum 2175 (MO). Monkey Hill and vic., Cowell 12, 16 (both NY). Gaillard Highway, 1 mi NW of Summit Gardens, Croat 8884 (MO). Chagres, Isthmus of Panama, Fendler 150 (MO). Culebra Cut, Hunter & Allen 782 (MO, NY). Hills between Rio Grande and Pedro Vidal, Pittier 2701 (NY, US). Across railroad tracks from Summit Garden, Tyson 6396 (MO). Ancon Hill, Williams 18 (NY). BARRO COLORADO ISLAND: Croat 4562, 7229, 7472, 8248, 8367, 8665, 8778, 14089 (all MO); D'Arcy 3987 (MO, NY.); Ebinger 95 (MO); Gentry 447 (MO). CHIRIQUI: Burica Peninsula, San Bartolome, Busey 531 (MO). Palo Santo, 3 mi N of Volcain, Croat 13550 (MO, NY). Las Lagunas, 2 mi SW of El Volcain, Tyson 855 (MO). COCLE: Penonome, Williams 69 (NY). COLON: Santa Rita, Go'mez-Pompa et al. 3004, 3211 (both MO). Rio Piedras, Stern et al. 722 (MO). DARIEN: Vic. of Pinogana, Allen 4307 (MO). Marraganti, Wilson 642 (NY). HERRERA: Between Ocui and Chitre, D'Arcy & Croat 4140 (MO, NY). Vic. of Ocui, Stern et al. 1681, 1727 (both MO). PANAMA: Vic. of Arraijain, Allen 1629 (MO, NY). Vic. of Santa F6e near Rio Santa Maria, Allen 4425 (MO). Isla Chepillo, Duke 10319 (MO). Isla Espirita Santo, Duke 10449 (MO). Rio Pacora just below confluence with Rio Corso, Duke 11990 (MO). Cerro Jefe, near Rio Indio, Duke 15241 (MO). Cerro Jefe, Dwyer et al. 7266 (MO). Cerro Campana, Porter et al. 4321 (MO, UC). Cerro Azul, Slater & Harrington 1 (MO). E slope of Cerro Jefe, Tyson 3714 (MO). VERAGUAS: Vic. of Santa Fe near Rio Santa Maria, Allen 4425 (MO). Canazas, Tyson 3636 (MO).
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