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(Last Modified On 2/7/2013)
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(Last Modified On 2/7/2013)
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Species
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CLEMATIS HAENKEANA Presl
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PlaceOfPublication
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Rel. Haenk. 2: 69. 1835
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Synonym
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Clematis sericea Humb. & Bonpl. ex DC. Syst. 1: 144. 1818, not Michaux 1803. Clematis grossa Benth. PI. Hartw. 33. 1840. Clematis grahami Benth. loc. cit. 5. 1840. Clematis polycephala Bertol. Fl. Guat. 424. 1840. Clematis populifolia Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 27: 272. 1854. Clematis thalictroides Steud. in Flora 39: 407. 1856. Clematis goudotiana PI. in Tr. & PI. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4. 17: 10. 1862. Clematis medusae PI. & Linden, loc. cit. 11. 1862. Clematis floribunda Tr. & PI. loc. cit. 9. 1862. Clematis dioica L. subsp. sericea (H. & B. ex DC.) Benoist, in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 87: 124. 1940. Clematis rhodocarpa Rose, in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 10: 95. 1906.
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Description
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Dioecious or polygamo-dioecious, perennial, lignescent vines, climbing by means of the foliar tendrils, the branches reddish-brown, striate, often sericeous. Leaves opposite, 3- to 5-foliate, the leaflets sericeous, at least below, often glabres- cent, narrowly to broadly ovate, apically acute to acuminate, basally truncate to cor- date, coarsely and often asymmetrically dentate with apiculate teeth or lobes, 3-10 cm. long, 2.5-8.0 cm. broad, with 3-9 veins arising palmately at or near the base, the petiolules 1-5 cm. long, the petioles mostly 5-10 cm. long, the sericeous rhachis often coiling. Staminate inflorescences of axillary and terminal compound dichasial cymes, the main axis often elongate and terminating in a simple cyme, giving off 3-7 pairs of simple or compound cymes, the main branches bracteate, sericeous throughout, the bracts progressively reduced; sepals 4, oblong-obovate, apically obtuse; 3-nerved, marginally involute, 6-9 mm. long, 3-4 mm. broad; stamens numerous, 3-7 mm. long, the filaments flattened, the anthers basifixed, 2-celled, 0.6-0.8 mm. long, longitudinally dehiscent, the outer stamens usually longer and perhaps infertile; pistillodes plumose when present. Carpellate inflorescences as the male, the sepals 4, early caducous, 3-ribbed, marginally involute, 6.5-9.0 mm. long, 3-4 mm. broad; carpels numerous, the ovary 1-2 mm. long, arcuate-ellipsoid, pubescent, the plumose style 5-10 mm. long. Mature achenes compressed-ellipsoid, flanged, 2.0-3.5 mm. long, 1-2 mm. broad, reddish-brown, the elongate style plumose with hairs to 4 mm. long.
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Distribution
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Mexico through Central America to Argentina, apparently confined to higher elevations in the tropics.
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Synonym
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CHIRIQUi: vicinity of Cerro Punta, 2000 mn., Allen 1523. COCLE: vicinity of El Valle de Ant6n, 600 m., Allen 2062.
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Note
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Several colloquial names have evolved for this species in Central America, among the most interesting of which are barba de viejo, cabello de angel, and bejuco de crispillo, the latter probably in allusion to the fibrous qualities causing the plant to be used as cordage. The acrid juices of the plant are capable of inducing blisters and find occasional use as a poultice.
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