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(Last Modified On 6/2/2011)
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Acceptance
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Accepted
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(Last Modified On 6/3/2011)
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Contributor Text:
Sven Landrein , Renata Borosova and Joanna Osborne
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Flower/Fruit:
Fl. Per.: March– October.
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Type:
Lectotype: Plate of Andrews drawn from cultivated plant in botanical garden, Calcutta. No specimen preserved.
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Distribution:
Distribution: Pakistan (Chitral, Dir, N. Punjab), Kashmir, Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Nepal, naturalized in Africa, Europe and North America.
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Map Location:
A-7 Dir Distt.: Ravi village on way to Dir, 19.6.1970, M. Qaiser & Abdul Ghafoor 1735 (KUH), B-6 Chitral, 4500 ft, March 1908, coll. ign, 24 (K), Chitral, Drosh, 4500 ft, at the edge of irrigation channel, flowers yellow, 23.04.1958, J.D.A. Stainton, 2272 (BM), Dir State, 5000 ft, 07.10.1964, Salim, 139 (K), B-7 Swat, Khawaza Khiela to Shangla, 1300 m, 2.6.1965, Jennifer Lamond 1692 (KUH), Kashmir: Dangian (Forest Nursery) Azad Kashmir, 22.8.1971, Sultan-ul-Abedin & M. Qaiser 9262 (KUH), Thuggiau-Muzaffarabad Distt., 22.8.1986, M. Qaiser & Rizwan Yusuf 7601 (KUH), Darra Sher Khan, Poonch, 27.8.1986, Abdul Rashid s.n. (KUH), Safaid Mahal, Marghzar, 20.8.1969, Saida Qureshi 9 (KUH), Along roadside on way to Lalazar, Nathiagali, 4.9.1969, Saida Qureshi 214 (KUH), 3 miles from Bhurban, 30.11.1969, M. Qaiser 228 (KUH), Between Madyan and Kalam, 2000 m, 2.7.1987, A. Ghafoor & S. Omer 3344 (KUH), About 3 miles from Garhi Habibullah on way to Abbottabad, 3.10.1970, S. A. Farooqi & M. Qaiser 3375 (KUH), 4 miles from Haripur on way to Garhi Habibullah, 8.5.1983, Saood Omer, S. Nazimuddin & A. Wahid 497 (KUH), 3 miles from Abbottabad on way to Havelian, 24.6.1970, M. Qaiser & A. Ghafoor 2000 (KUH), 2 miles from Abbottabad on way to Mansehra, 9.8.1971, Sultanul Abedin & M. Qaiser 8632 (KUH), 9 miles from Nathiagali on way to Abbottabad, 4.10.1970, S. A. Farooqi & M. Qaiser 3502 (KUH), 1 mile from Nathiagali on way to Murree, 25.6.1970, M. Qaiser & A. Ghafoor 2050 (KUH), Hazara: Between Kaghan and Mahandri, 6.9.1988, S. Omer & M. Qaiser 2757 (KUH), 10 miles from Balakot on way to Kaghan, 8.7.1977, Kamal Akhtar & M. Qaiser 242 (KUH), Kashmir, Dedal, Aug. 1880, A.P. Young, (BM), B-8 Kashmir, Bunar, 5000 ft, corolla bright yellow, pale on reverse, on rocky stream banks, 9.7.1940, Ludlow & Sherriff, 7775 (BM), Kashmir, Wular Lake, Bandapur, 5200 ft, yellow, on grassy banks, 26.04.1940, Ludlow & Sherriff, 7585 (BM), C-7 Punjab, Murree hills, 29.8.1966, Saida Qaiser s. n. (KUH), Murree, June – Sept. 1915, E.M. Saunders, s.n. (K), Upper Topa, Murree Hills, 1920, J.H. Barbour, s.n. (BM), Kashmir, Mari, Aug. 1880, A.P. Young, (BM), D-7 Punjab, Hasan Abdal, March 1872, Aitchison, 1053 (K), Punjab, Hasan Abdal, Attock Dist., c.1700 ft, 01.04.1921, R.R. Stewart, s.n. (K).
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Perennial herbs, spreading, villous, stolons 25-90 cm long. Leaves trifoliolate, hairy on both surfaces, sometimes adaxially glabrous, leaflets obovate to rhombic-oblong, 1-4 x 0.7-2 cm, lateral leaflets slightly smaller than terminal, margins coarsely serrate. Petioles and pedicels spreading hairy. Stipules lanceolate 3-9 mm. Flowers 1.2-2 cm in diam., on pedicels up to 10 cm long. Sepals ovate with acute apex, hairy. Epicalyx segments obovate, hairy, broader than sepals, as long as or sometimes longer than sepals, apex 3-5 lobed. Petals oblong to obovate, as long as to slightly longer than sepals, yellow.
Stamens 20-25. Stylodia lateral, narrow-cylindrical. Carpels free, numerous. Fruit multiple, drupetum, fleshy, red, 0.7-1.5 cm in diameter. Achenes red, prominent, shining, ovoid, c. 1.5 mm, glabrous, not rugose, but pitted.
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