This species is charecterized by slender regularly branched stems, medium-sized leaves with the higher-order venation not visible or the tertiary venation loosely reticulated, slender peduncles with 3-10 subcapitate flowers, white to pale yellow corollas ca. 15-20 mm long, and medium-sized fruits. It does not seem to be spiny. Chomelia polyantha seems to be similar to Chomelia ecuadorensis, Chomelia monachinoi, and Chomelia peruviana, and it may not be distinct from Chomelia caurensis.