Published In:
Species Plantarum 1: 177. 1753. (1 May 1753) ( Sp. Pl.)   
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(Last Modified On 5/9/2022)
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Acceptance
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Accepted
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(Last Modified On 2/17/2019)
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Contributor Text:
R. R. Mill
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Contributor Institution:
Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, Scotland.
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Synonym Text:
Verbascum schraderi G. F. W. Meyer, Chlor. Hannover 325. 1836.
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Flower/Fruit:
Fl. Per.: Mrch to December.
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Type:
Lectotype: Described from Europe (in Europae glareosis sterilibus) RCN; 1404. Hb. Linn. 242/1 (LINN).
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Distribution:
Temperate Eurasia E. to W. & C. China; introduced elsewhere in temperate and tropical regions including India and Sri Lanka.
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Comment/Acknowledgements:
A widespread and often invasive weed of roadsides and disturbed ground, occurring in Pakistan from 500-3500 m. The specimen from D-8 Lahore: Changa Manga, 2.5.1969, Sultanul Abedin 2588 (KUH (previously misidentified as Celsia coromandeliana, which is not stellate-hairy) is here tentatively identified as V. thapsus; the specimen is proor, but appears to differ from most material in having a slightly more lax inflorescence, at least at the base. It differs from V. erianthum, the only other common stellate-hairy Verbascum in Pakistan, in its unbranched inflorescence, and from both it and most specimens of V. thapsus in the less prominently veined lower leaf surface. Sultanul Abedin 2576, from the same locality, has similar leaves but a much more typical inflorescence.
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Map Location:
A-7 Chitral: Chitral-Mastuj track, 6000 ft., 28.5.1958, J. D. A. Stainton 2531 (BM, E); Gilgit: 2 miles from Baltakundi to Babusar, 12.8.1971, Sultanul Abedin & M. Qaiser 8966 (KUH – inflorescence branched); Yasin, 85 miles from Gilgit, 16.6.1984, Saood Omer 202 (KUH); B-6 Chitral: Bombarait valley, 26.7.1976, M. Qaiser & A.Ghafoor 6750 (KUH); B-6/7 Swat: Kalam to Madyan, 1700 m, Rechinger 19386; B-7 Swat: 8 miles from Dir to Drosh, 18.7.1971, Sultanul Abedin 7879 (KUH); Hazara: Kaghan valley, Balakot-Shogran road, 5000 ft., 28.6.1953, S.M.A.Kazmi s.n. (KUH); between Changla gali and Nalhia gali, 5.7.1977, Kamal Akhtar & M. Qaiser 91 (KUH); 6 miles from Mansehra to Garhi Habibullah, at Chitte butte, 3.10.1970, M. Qaiser 3418 (KUH); Kundala village (Nalhia gali), 25.6.1970, M. Qaiseer & A.Ghafoor 2077 (KUH); Balakot, 4000 ft., 19.6.1959, Jafri & Ali 3317 (KUH); c. 1.5 miles from Garhi Habibullah to Balakot, 30.9.1970, S.A.Farooqi & M.Qaiser 3198 (KUH); Kashmir: Bujo (in Leepa valley), 26.8.1972, M. Qaiser & A.Ghafoor 4990 (KUH); Mardan: Dangian forest nursery, 22.8.1971, Sultanul Abedin & M. Qaiser 9273 (KUH); Swat: Village Kangar between Berarket [presumably Balakot?] and Muzaffarabad, 3500 ft., 23.8.1972, M. Qaiser & A.Ghafoor 4888 (KUH – very young inflorescence and rather atypical habit; bracts longer than flower clusters); 4 miles from Shangla on way to Mingora, 20.8.1972, M. Qaiser & A. Ghafoor 4704 (KUH – atypical, bracts longer than flower clusters); between Chakdra [Chakdara on typed list] and Mingora, 19.8.1972, M. Qaiser & A. Ghafoor 4638 (KUH – atypical, inflorescence branched and bracts longer than flower clusters); 1 mile from Dir to Loani Top, 21.7.1976, M. Qaiser & A. Ghafoor 6476 (KUH); Kaghan valley, 1 mile N. of Naran, 7800 ft., 24.6.1958, B. L. Burtt & M.A.Ali B 866 (E); c. 6 miles from Loani Top to Dir, 23.6.1970, M. Qaiser & A. Ghafoor 1984 (KUH); Swat frontier, nr Thana, between Malakand and Barikot, 700 m, 1.6.1965, J. Lamond 1658 (E); Asrat, 53 miles from Mingora, 24.8.1969, S. Qureshi 68 (KUH); 3 miles from Pir Baba to Saidu Sharif, 28.7.1971, Sultanul Abedin 8328 (KUH); near Kalam, 2200 m, Rechinger 19436; Utror near Kalam, 2200 m, Rechinger 30799; Swat/Hazara: Utroth, 30.10.1985, Atiqur Rehman s.n. (KUH); B-8 Kashmir: Tangmarg, 6000 ft., 17.8.1956, O. Polunin 56/358 (BM, E); Kotihar valley, 27.11.1896, H. Halcro Johnston Kashmir 37 (E); Safapoor, 5350 ft., 14.12.1896, H. Halcro Johnston Kashmir 124 (E); Gilgit: Astor, 27.7.1952, S.M.A.Kazmi s.n. (KUH); C-5 S. Waziristan: 28 miles from Thob to Wana, 16.5.1978, S. Nazimuddin & Sultanul Abedin 876 (KUH); C-7 Jhelum: base of mt. Tilla, 1700 ft., 13.3.1981, E. & Y. Nasir 9430 (KUH); Choa Saidan Shah, 21.5.2974, M. Qaiser & Sultanul Abedin 6349 (KUH); “Tiba Ju qinwala”, Kabir Khan (J. R. Drummond 20434) (E); Rawalpindi: Murree, 9.10.1953, S. Z. Hasnain s.n. (KUH); D-8 Lahore: Changa Manga, 2.5.1969, Sultanul Abedin 2576 (KUH); Changa Manga, 2.5.1969, Sultanul Abedin 2588 (KUH); 40 miles from Lahroe to Changa Manga, 3.3.1978, M. Qaiser & Shaharyar 6949 (KUH).
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Erect eglandular biennial, 30-125 cm, ± greyish-, whitish- or yellowish-tomentose; indumentum persistent. Stem usually simple, stout below, ± leafy, narrowly winged throughout or at least above. Basal leaves ovate to oblog, 8-50 x 2.5-14 cm, crenate to subentire; petiole absent or to 5 cm. Cauline leaves numerous, decurrent, smaller than basal ones, oblanceolate to obovate, acute or shortly acuminate. Inflorescence dense, simple or very rarely branched, spike-like, 15-30 (-90) cm, tomentose; axis scarcely visible. Clusters 2-7-flowered. Bracts ovate- to lanceolate-acuminate, lower ones decurrent. Fruiting pedicels with 2 bracteoles; pedicels partly adnate to stem, free part 1-5 mm long. Calyx 7-12 mm; lobes lanceolate, acute to acuminate. Corolla yellow, 12-20 mm diam., punctate with pellucid glands, stellate-pubescent outside, ciliate to base of upper lobes within. Stamens 5; 2 anterior longer than 3 posterior. Filament wool whitish-yellow; 2 anterior filaments glabrous or sparingly hairy in middle, 3 posterior woolly up to anthers. Anterior anthers decurrent or oblique, posterior reniform. Capsule broadly ovate-elliptic, 7-10 x 4-6 mm, stellate-tomentose. Seeds ovoid-oblong, to 1 mm, rugose, dark brown.
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