(Last Modified On 8/14/2013)
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(Last Modified On 8/14/2013)
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Species
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Bacopa salzmannii (Benth.) Edwall
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PlaceOfPublication
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Bol. Commiss. Geogr. Estado Sao Paulo 13: 176, 181. 1897.
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Synonym
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Herpestis salzmannii Benth. in Hook., Companion Bot. Mag. 2: 58. 1836. TYPE: Brazil, Salzmann 400 (MO). Bacopa salzmannii (Benth.) Chod. & Hassl., Bull. Herb. Boissier ser. 2. 4: 290. 1904. Redundant combination. Monocardia humilis Pennell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 157. 1920. TYPE: Colombia, Rusby & Pennell 1065 (NY, US). PM. lilacina Pennell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 156. 1920. TYPE: Colombia, Pennell 1476 (NY, US). M. violacea Pennell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 72: 156. 1920. TYPE: Colombia, Pennell 1480 (NY, US). Bacopa humilis (Pennell) Standley, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 460. 1925. B. violacea (Pennell) Standley, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 15: 460. 1925. Herpestis ciliata Pennell, Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 46: 2. 1940. TYPE: Guyana, Smith 2281 (NY).
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Description
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Aquatic herbs, floating or prostrate on mud, sometimes ascending, sparingly branched, the stems stout, soft, hirsute with slender, sturdy uniseriate hairs, the basal cell enlarged, and with scattered globose sessile glands, sometimes rooting at the nodes, the roots fibrous. Leaves opposite, often subtended by tufts of white hairs, rotund or broadly ovate, apically obtuse or round, to 1.5 cm long and 1.2 cm wide but often much smaller, basally truncate or subcordate with auricles clasping the stem, the margins entire, often ciliate, the surfaces glabrous or with long hairs, palmately many nerved; petioles obsolete, punctate with brownish orange glands. Inflorescences of solitary flowers in the axils of the leaves, often geminate, the pedicels slender, hirsute, exceeding the leaves; ebracteate. Flowers with the sepals free to the base, the outer 3 broad, ca. 6 mm long and 5 mm wide, apically obtuse or emarginate, basally truncate or sub- cordate, the costa and the margins ciliate, many nerved, the inner 2 sepals nar- rowly deltoid, costate, glandular, slightly shorter than the outer sepals, hirsute outside, -glabrous within; corolla blue or white, slightly exserted, ca. 7 mm long, 4-lobed, the upper lobe emarginate; stamens 4, the filaments glabrous, ca. 1 mm long, inserted near the top of the tube, the anthers linear, ca. 1.5 mm long, the thecae versatile, medifixed, connate along /2, free but proximal along the other /2; the ovary narrow, 1 mm long, glabrous, sulcate, the style terete, distinct, 3 mm long, apically curved, the stigma capitate, convoluted and slightly 2-lobed. Capsule ca. 3 mm long; seeds numerous, oblong, ca. 0.5 mm long, longitudinally reticulate, reddish brown.
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Habit
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herbs
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Note
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Bacopa salzmannii may be recognized by its stout pilose stems and rotund leaves. It is generally prostrate.
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Distribution
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occurs in lowland Panama in bogs, marshes, and other wet places. It ranges from southern Mexico to Brasil and it occurs in the Antilles.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Chiriquicito to 5 mi S along Rio Guarumo, Lewis et al. 2008 (MO, US). CANAL ZONE: Chagres, Fendler 212 (MO). Gatun Lake, Seibert 636 (MO, PH). Barro Colorado Island, Shattuck 15 July 1934 (MO). Juan Franco Race Track near Panama, Standley 27827 (US). Old Las Cruces Trail between Fort Clayton and Corozal, Standley 29218 (PH, US). Rio Pedro Miguel near East Paraiso, Standley 30044 (MO). CHIRIQUi: Marsh ca. 12 km W of El Hato, D'Arcy 10882 (MO). Boquet6, 3800 ft, Davidson 573 (MO, US). Frances Arriba School ca. 14 mi N of David, 1200 ft, Lewis et al. 659 (MO, US). Marsh 1.6 mi NW of El Hato del Volca'n towards Costa Rica border, Luteyn 820 (DUKE). Las Lagunas W of El Hato del Volca'n, 1400 m, Wilbur et al. 10992 (DUKE). Boquete, 1200-1500 m, Woodson & Schery 707 (MO). Finca Lerida to Boquete, 1300-1500 m, Woodson et al. 1150 (MO, NY). COCLE: El Valle de Anton, 600 m, Allen 1996 (MO, NY, US). La Yeguada, 500-1000 m, D'Arcy 11285 (MO). Km 21 on road to El Valle, Gentry 5618 (MO). El Valle de Anton, 1000-2000 ft, Lewis et al. 2504, 2572 (both DS, MO). Boca del Toabre at confluence of Rio Cocle del Norte, Lewis et al. 5553 (DS, MO). El Valle de Anton 500-700 m, Seibert 487 (MO, NY, PH). La Mesa 3 km N of El Valle, 850 m, Wilbur et al. 15627 (DUKE). Penonome, Williams 199 (NY, US). Between Las Margaritas and El Valle, Woodson et al. 1721 (MO, PH, NY). COLON: Miguel de la Borda, Croat 10070 (MO). Around Portobelo, 5-100 m, Pittier 2456 (NY, US). PANAMA: Road between Panam~a and Chepo, Dodge et al. 16678 (MO). Las Sabanas, Heriberto 148 (US); Paul 567 (US). Laguna de Portala near Chepo, Pittier 4608 (US). Las Sabanas, Standley 25947 (US). Big swamp E of Rio Tocumen, Standley 26540 (US), 26661 (PH, US). Near Matias Hernatndez, Standley 29001 (PH, US). VERAGUAS: Hills W of Sona, Allen 1067 (MO, PH, US).
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