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(Last Modified On 12/18/2013)
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Species
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Salpichroa microloba Keel
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Note
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TYPE: Peru. Lima: Arquircancha, near Lachaqui, 3,658 m, 2 Feb. 1979 (fl, fr), Keel & Vilcapoma 397 (holotype, NY; isotypes, MO, USM).
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Distribution
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Peru
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Description
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Pendent or straggling shrubs to 1 m tall, the young stems, leaves, and pedicels puberulous, pilose NOVON 3: 46-48. 1993. or glabrous, sometimes with gland-tipped trichomes. Branches and twigs terete, flexuous, sometimes winged on 1 to 3 sides, each node occasionally with 2 to 4 semicircular or circular scales. Leaf blades ovate or elliptic, (1-)1.5-2.8(-3.6) x (0.6-)1- 2.1(-3) cm; petioles subfiliform to flattened, 0.6- 1.8 cm long. Pedicels filiform, 0.5-1.5 cm long; calyx deeply divided, the lobes linear, subequal, 5- 13 x 0.5-2.5 mm, ciliate, pilose, puberulous or glabrous, connate at the base, apex acute or atten- uate; corolla tubular, yellow or yellowish green, the tube straight, slightly inflated on upper part, con- stricted at the throat, 22-34 x 3-7 mm, glabrous or puberulous externally, glabrous internally, the lobes triangular or ovate-triangular, equal to sub- equal, valvate, 2-3 x 1.5-3 mm, ciliate, apex acute, reflexed by 180? at anthesis; stamens in- cluded, equal or subequal, inserted at top '/ of the tube, the filaments 0.5-1.5 mm, glabrous, the an- thers 2.5-4 mm; style nearly equal to the throat of corolla tube or slightly exserted, exceeding sta- mens, 2-3 cm long, glabrous, the stigma capitate or subcapitate, glabrous. Berry dark blue or purple, 3 cm long.
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Habit
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shrubs
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Note
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Sub-puna or montane cloud forests, near creeks, in agricultural fields, hedgerows, on roadsides, grass steppes, or on stone walls, rock crevices; 2,400-3,800 m; in the Department of Cotopaxi, central Ecuador (one collection only) and west-central Peru. Flowering December-May, fruits found in February. Salpichroa microloba shows slight variation in degree of pubescence and size of leaves. Cerrate & Tovar 1909 is exceptional for its large, glabrous leaves and wide corolla tubes. Salpichroa microloba and S. weberbaueri Dammer have nearly the same corolla length, but the shapes of corolla tubes and lobes, which are best seen in living plants, are very different. At anthesis, the corolla tube of S. micro- loba is constricted at its throat and the triangular or ovate-triangular corolla lobes are reflexed by 180?. The corolla tube of S. weberbaueri widens at the upper third of the tube; the lobes, from horizontally spreading to reflexed by 135? at anthesis, are tri- angular-lanceolate. In the field, one can easily sep- arate them by the shape of corolla and the degree of reflection of the corolla lobes at anthesis. The specific epithet, microloba, refers to the relatively small size of the corolla lobes compared to the tube. Salpichroa microloba is probably most closely related to S. ramosissima Miers. Although the length of corolla tube of these two species is quite different (2.2-3.4 cm long in S. microloba, and 0.9-1.5 cm
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Note
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in S. ramosissima), the shape of corolla and the reflection angle of lobes at anthesis are similar. Salpichroa microloba has been collected in cen- tral Ecuador, Department of Cotopaxi, and west- central Peru. Salpichroa ramosissima grows in the western part of central and southern Peru, and in southern Bolivia and northwestern Argentina. The ranges of the two species overlap in the Department of Lima, Peru. Local names. Peru: Ayanata (Keel & Vilcapoma 397, Vilcapoma 129), Callalluma (Vilcapoma 130), Shuculumpa (Cerrate & Tovar 1909).
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Specimen
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ECUADOR. COTOPAXI: road Quevedo-Lata- cunga, above Pilalo, ca. 2,900 m, 3 May 1968 (fl), Harling et al. 8993 (GB, MO). PERU. LIMA: Baiios, on the way to Cerro de Pasco, Wilkes, 21-22 May 1839 (collecting date based on Wilkes, 1845) (fl) (US); Lacha- qui, 3,800 m, 28 Dec. 1972 (fl), Vilcapoma 129 (US), 3,400 m, 29 Dec. 1972 (fl), Vilcapoma 130 (US); Pi- rocancha, on the way to Lachaqui, 3,440 m, 1 Feb. 1979 (fl, fr), Keel & Vilcapoma 390 (MO, NY, US, USM); Achaca, few km beyond Lachaqui, 3,658 m, 2 Feb. 1979 (fl, fr), Keel & Vilcapoma 396 (NY, USM); Matucana, 2,438 m, 14-18 Mar. 1923 (fl), Macbride 2946 (F); vic. of Huarochiri, western cordillera, 2,100-3,000 m, Hrdlicka, Feb. 1913 (fl) (US); vic. of Santiago, 3,600- 3,700 m, 15 May 1953 (fl), Cerrate & Tovar 1909 (US).
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