Bryoxiphium generally consists of 3 (or 4) closely related species. X.-J. Li (1958) reported two species, Bryoxiphium norvegicum (Brid.) Mitt. and B. japonicum (Berggr.) Löve & Löve (= B. norvegicum ssp. japonicum) from mainland China. C. Chuang (1973) reported the latter species from Taiwan.