33. Trichostomum Bruch   毛口藓属 mao-kou xian shu

Flora 12: 396. 1829.

 

Plants small to medium-sized, yellowish green to light brown, in loose or dense tufts. Stems erect, simple or usually irregularly branched; central strand present. Leaves contorted-curved or crisped when dry, erect-spreading or weakly reflexed when moist, narrowly lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, broadly acute, setaceous or obtusely pointed, upper lamina sometimes broadly channeled or cucullate, sometimes weakly sheathing at base; margins usually plane, sometimes incurved and wavy, entire or crenulate by projecting papillae; costa stout, often excurrent as a short awn or as an apiculus, or sometimes percurrent, in cross section with 2 stereid bands; upper leaf cells rounded-quadrate or rounded-hexagonal, rather thin-walled to moderately thick-walled, green and obscure, each cell with several large, circular papillae on both surfaces; basal cells slightly elongate, irregularly rectangular, smooth, yellowish or hyaline. Dioicous or sometimes autoicous. Perichaetial leaves similar to stem leaves. Setae elongate; capsules erect, oblong-ellipsoidal to short-cylindrical, with short necks, rarely curved; annuli none or differentiated into 3–5 rows of vesiculose cells, persistent; peristome teeth erect, linear or filiform, undivided or sometimes divided, smooth or papillose; opercula conic-rostrate, with a short or long beak. Calyptrae cucullate, smooth. Spores spherical, yellowish or reddish brown, coarsely papillose.

 

1. Leaf margins narrowly incurved in upper 1/3–1/2............................................................................................... 2

1. Leaf margins usually plane throughout.................................................................................................................. 4

2. Leaves often cucullate or channeled, acute or acuminate at apex......................................... 2. T. crispulum

2. Leaves more or less flat, scarcely cucullate, apiculate or obtusely pointed at apex................................... 3

3. Leaves apiculate at apex; basal cells forming a clearly differentiated group............................ 6. T. sinochenii

3. Leaves mostly obtusely pointed at apex; basal cells not clearly differentiated............................. 8. T. zanderi

4. Leaves linear-lanceolate, often circinate when dry........................................................................................ 5

4. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, narrow-lingulate to spathulate, or oblong, erect-flexuose or contorted when dry....................................................................................................................................................................... 6

5. Leaf margins more or less undulate when dry; costa ending just below leaf apex.................. 7. T. tenuirostre

5. Leaf margins plane when dry; costa shortly excurrent............................................................ 3. T. hattorianum

6. Leaves narrowly ovate-lanceolate; peristome teeth usually irregularly 2–3-divided; setae 10–12 mm long; dioicous................................................................................................................... 1. T. brachydontium

6.      Leaves narrowly lingulate to spathulate or oblong; peristome teeth not divided; setae 5–7 mm long; autoicous.......................................................................................................................................................... 7

7. Leaves not clearly narrowed at base, upper lamina sometimes keeled, rounded-obtuse at apex; costa percurent or shortly excurrent.................................................................................................... 4. T. planifolium

7. Leaves distinctly narrowed at base, widest at middle, uppper lamina plane, acute at apex; costa ending below apex............................................................................................................................................. 5. T. platyphyllum