Tropicos | Name - !Trichostomum sinaloense (E.B. Bartram) R.H. Zander

Cent. Amer. Moss > Pottiaceae > Trichostomum > Trichostomum sinaloense

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!Trichostomum sinaloense (E.B. Bartram) R.H. Zander

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Project Name Data (Last Modified On 2/16/2011)

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Project data (Last Modified On 2/16/2011)

Discussion:

Trichostomum sinaloensis is a small species with lingulate leaves that are broadest above the middle and have weakly differentiated, short, thick- to firm-walled basal leaf cells. Plants of T. sinaloensis at times have a rosulate habit in which new growth occurs in tiers similar to that seen in Polytrichum or Rhodobryum species. All other Central American species of Trichostomum differ from T. sinaloensis in having lanceolate to linear or ligulate leaves that are broadest at or below middle and strongly differentiated, basal leaf cells. The most dramatic differences between T. sinaloensis and other species of Trichostomum are sporophytic. In T. sinaloensis the capsules are subglobose, eperistomate and have broadly rectangular exothecial cells; most other species of Trichostomum have cylindrical capsules with elongate exothecial cells and single peristomes. In its sporophytic features, as well as its small size T. sinaloensis resembles the genus Weissia. Weissia differs from T. sinaloensis in having strongly incurved to involute upper leaf margins. Hyophila involuta has eperistomate capsules and is similar to T. sinaloensis in leaf shape; it differs in having mammillose leaf cells and cylindrical capsules.

Illustrations: Bartram (1925, Figs. 1–13); Zander (1993, Pl. 13 16–19); Sharp et al. (1994, Fig. 167). Figure 86.

Habitat: On damp shaded banks or rocks; 40–950 m.

Distribution in Central America: GUATEMALA. Jutiapa: Standley 75228 (F). HONDURAS. Comayagua: Allen 10980 (MO, TEFH). COSTA RICA. Alajuela: Crosby 10030 (MO); Guanacaste: Gentry & Burger 2919 (MO).

World Range: Mexico; Central America; Caribbean, Northern South America.

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Trichostomum sinaloensis (Bartr.) Zand., Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 32: 92. 1993.

Weissia sinaloensis Bartr., Bryologist 28: 65. 1925. Hyophila sinaloensis (Bartr.) Bartr., Bryologist 29: 8. 1926. Protologue: Mexico. On shaded bank, near Mazatlan, State of Sinaloa, Mexico, E.B. Bartram, No. 503 (MO).

Trichostomum microcarpum Schimp. ex Besch., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. sér. 4, 3: 198. 1876, illegitimate homonym, not Trichostomum microcarpum Brid. ex Hedw. 1801. Hyophila microcarpa (Schimp. ex Besch.) Broth., Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(3): 403. 1902. Weissia minycarpa Zand., Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 11: 196. 1985, new name for Trichostomum microcarpum Schimp. ex Besch. Protologue: Guadeloupe, (L’Herminier). – Martinique (Hahn).

Plants small, green above, brown below, in tufts at times rosulate, to 5 mm high. Stems red, erect, sparsely and irregularly branched, at times rosulate-tiered, hyalodermis and central strand present; rhizoids sparse. Leaves 1.5–3 mm long, lingulate, erect to spreading at base, erect, incurved-cortorted, erect-spreading when wet; apices broadly acute to rounded, sharply mucronate; lamina unistratose; margins entire, plane, at times recurved at base; costa stoutly excurrent, guide cells and two stereid bands well-developed, ventral surface layer enlarged, thin-walled, dorsal surface layer small, thick-walled; upper cells quadrate to short-rectangular, 5–9 μm wide, firm-walled, pluripapillose, basal cells rectangular to oblong, thin-walled, hyaline, smooth, across the insertation, otherwise quadrate, oblate, short-rectangular, smooth, 6–12 x 10–12 μm, outer basal cells not forming a v-shaped pattern. Dioicous. Setae 1 per perichaetium, smooth, 2–3 mm long, yellow to red-brown. Capsules subglobose, erect, red-brown, 0.5 mm long, smooth; exothecial cells rectangular 2–3:1; stomata present at base of capsule; opercula obliquely rostrate, 0.75 mm long; annuli of thick-walled cells; peristome absent. Spores 16–20 μm, smooth. Calyptrae smooth, 1 mm long.