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Project Name Data (Last Modified On 3/12/2013)
 

Flora Data (Last Modified On 3/12/2013)
Genus ABUTILON Mill.
PlaceOfPublication Gard. Dict. Abridg. ed. 4. 1754.
Synonym Bogenhardia Reicheonb., Repert. Herb. Nom. Gen. P1. 1: 200, 2: 48. 1841; Kearney, Leafl. West. Bot. 7:119. 1954. Gayoides (A. Gray) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 764. 1903. Pseudobastardia Hassl., Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve, ser. 2, 1: 209. 1909.
Description Herbs, usually perennial, or shrubs or rarely small trees, the indumentum mostly of stellate hairs, these sometimes intermingled with longer, simple hairs. Leaves usually petiolate, the uppermost leaves sometimes sessile or nearly so, the stipules deciduous, the blade often cordate at the base. Flowers axillary and soli- tary, occasionally racemose on short, axillary branchlets, sometimes aggregated in terminal and axillary, leafy or leafless, paniculiform inflorescences; pedicels usually articulated, sometimes geniculate above the middle; epicalyx wanting; calyx 5-merous, campanulate to cupuliform, lobed usually to far below the middle, the lobes erect, patent or reflexed at anthesis, persistent or slightly accrescent; petals 5, adnate to the base of the staminal tube, patent or sometimes reflexed at anthesis; staminal tube often ventricose below, filamentiferous at and also often near the apex, the filaments numerous, the anthers reniform; ovary of 5-co carpels, each carpel with 2-several ovules, the ovules anatropous; styles isomerous with the carpels, the stigmas truncate to capitellate to capitate. Fruits subglobose to disci- form, truncate or umbilicate at the apex, of 5-om 1-celled mericarps radially disposed around a central columella, the mericarps compressed laterally, inflated or not, muticous basally, muticous to aristate apically, separating ultimately from the central columella (but often remaining attached to the central columella long after maturity) and at length usually 2-valved, 3- to several-seeded; seeds superposed, more or less reniform, often asymmetrically so, the testa smooth to finely foveolate, glabrous or variously pubescent; embryo curved, the endosperm scant; cotyledons plicate.
Habit Herbs
Distribution A very large, pantropical genus, also widely distributed in subtropical regions. The species are so numerous in Mexico and Central America (cf. Kearney, A ten- tative key to the North American species of Abutilon Miller. Leafl. West. Bot. 7: 241-254. 1955) and in northern South America, that it is rather surprising to find only six species, at present, reported from Panama, one of which is introduced from India.
Reference Kearney, A ten- tative key to the North American species of Abutilon Miller. Leafl. West. Bot. 7: 241-254. 1955
Key a. Petals 6-13 mm long; mericarps 3-seeded. b. Calyx lobes and petals erect or patent at anthesis. c. Stems usually prostrate or ascending, infrequently erect; petals ca 6-7 mm long, white; staminal tube glabrous; mericarps greatly inflated, thin-chartaceous, rounded and muticous at the apex . 1.. .. i. A. CRISPUM cc. Stems erect; petals ca 8-13 mm long, yellow or orange; mericarps not inflated, rigid-chartaceous, acute to long-aristate apically. d. Annual herbs; petals yellow or orange; staminal tube glabrous; meri- carps long-aristate, the awns ca 3-5 mm long; introduced ..2. A. THEOPHRASTI dd. Shrubs; petals yellow; staminal tube stellate-arachnoid; mericarps acute to aristate apically, the awns up to; 2 mm long. e. Calyx ca 11 mm long, the lobes narrowly ovate, acuminate, ca 10 mm long and 3.5 mm broad; petals ca 11 mm long, with indumentum; staminal tube ca 7 mm long, the filaments ca 2 mm long; styles ca 7-7.5 mm long; mericarps 10-12, ca 15 mm long . 3. A. CHIRIQUINUM ee. Calyx ca 7 mm long, the lobes triangular, acute, ca 4 mm long and broad at the base; petals ca 8 mm long, glabrous; staminal tube ca 4-5 mm long, the filaments 3-4 mm long; styles ca 5.5 mm long; mericarps ca 7, 10-11 mm long ............... 4. A. CYMOSuM This content downloaded on Fri, 8 Mar 2013 12:51:39 PMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions1965] FLORA OF PANAMA (Family 115. Malvaceae) 573 bb. Calyx lobes and petals reflexed at anthesis; stems erect; petals ca 10 mm long, white; staminal tube glabrous; mericarps not inflated, rigid-charta- ceous, acute apically ................................................................ 5. A. GIGANTEUM aa. Petals ca 3 cm long, pale yellow; mericarps several-seeded .. ... 6. A. PURPUSII
 
 
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