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(Last Modified On 6/4/2013)
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(Last Modified On 6/4/2013)
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Genus
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Chromolaena DC.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Prodr. 5: 133. 1836.
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Note
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TYPE: C. horminoides DC.
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Synonym
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Heterolaena Schultz-Bip. ex Benth. & Hook., Gen. PI. 2: 245. 1873. TYPE: Eupatorium odoratum L. Osmia Schultz-Bip., Pollichia 22-24: 251. 1866. TYPE: Eupatorium odoratum L. Eupatorium sect. Cylindrocephala DC., Prod. 5: 141. 1836. TYPE, present designation: E. odoratum L. = Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Robinson.
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Description
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Sparingly to densely branched herbs or shrubs. Leaves opposite; blades triangular to elliptical, the margins subentire to highly lobed. Inflorescence laxly to densely corymbose. Heads discoid with 10-45 florets; involucre of 18-45 ovate to lanceolate densely imbricate very unequal bracts, in 4-6 series, the bracts all deciduous at maturity; receptacle elongate, the upper surface flat to slightly convex, glabrous, paleae sometimes present; corolla tubular to narrowly funnelform with a scarcely constricted base, the outer surface mostly smooth with few to many short-stalked glands and often with rather stiff hairs, without stomates, the tips of the lobes usually capped with a group of thick-walled often prominently projecting cells, the inner surface of the lobes usually papillose with densely projecting cells, the cells inside corolla throat narrow with sinuous walls, with upper ends sometimes projecting; anther collar with numerous quadrate cells below, elongate cells above, usually with prominent ornate banding on walls, bands transverse in elongate cells and oblique or vertical in many shorter cells, the exothecial cells mostly about as long as wide, the anther appendage longer than wide, entire or toothed at the tip; style base not enlarged, glabrous, the surface cells of style appendages smooth to long-projecting. Achenes prismatic, 5-or rarely 3-ribbed, with bristles mostly on the ribs, sometimes with glands; carpopodium short- cylindrical, rarely narrowed below, the cells small, often wider than high with usually thickened walls; pappus of ca. 40 slender scabrous persistent bristles, the apical cells usually pointed. Pollen spinose, modified "type II" present in many species.
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Habit
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herbs or shrubs
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Note
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Chromolaena is a large and complex genus of more than 130 species. The greatest concentration of species is in Brazil where most of the closely related genera occur. Only the three most widely distributed species are found in Panama.
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Reference
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King, R. M. & H. Robinson. 1970. Studies in the Eupatorieae (Compositae). XXIX. The genus Chromolaena. Phytologia 20: 196-209.
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Key
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a. Inner involucral bracts with highly differentiated, expanded, often lavender-colored tips; leaves lanceolate to linear ...... 1. C. ivaefolia aa. Inner involucral bracts with differentiated tips; leaves ovate to broadly elliptical. b. Leaf blades deltoid to rhombic-ovate with prominent petioles, the lower surface with numerous red glands ...... 3. C. odorata bb. Leaf blades broadly elliptical with short petioles, glabrous ...... 2. C. laevigata
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