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Published In: Species Plantarum 2: 813. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 5/12/2022)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 7/29/2020)
Contributor Text: S. Abedin & A. Ghafoor
Contributor Institution: Centre for Plant Conservation, University of Karachi – Pakistan
Synonym Text: Acanthophyton Less., Synop Gen. Comp. 128. 1832; Cichorium sect. Acanthophyton (Less.) DC., Prodr. 7: 84. 1838.

 

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Annual to perennial, lactiferous, erect herbs, branched in lower half or stem simple, glabrous to hispid. Leaves sessile, basally attenuate, entire or lobed, basal in a rosette, cauline alternate. Capitula sessile or on long peduncles, solitary or clustered in leaf axils. Involucre cylindrical, indurated in fruit. Phyllaries multiseriate, outer 5, ovate to lanceolate, fleshy below, apically reflexed, acute to acuminate, inner phyllaries (5-) 8, akin to outer but narrower with basal part mostly appressed against outer cypselas, entire. Receptacle flat, with or without paleae. Florets usually blue, rarely white, 5-20, basal tubular part hairy all around, ligules hairy at base, apically with unequal, 5 lobes. Stamen filaments glabrous. Style slender, with erecto-patent sweeping hairs in upper part and outside of internally papillate stigmatic lobes. Cypselas glabrous, sturdy, obovoid to ± cylindrical, faintly ribbed, truncate at the apices, outer ones dorsally compressed and adnate to inner phyllaries. Pappus scales in (1-) 2-3 series, erect to erecto-patent, irregularly shaped, rounded to acute, all equal or larger and apically long-tipped on inner cypselas.

A small genus comprising of c. 7 species, distributed in Europe, North Africa, Middle East, Arabian Peninsula, West and South-West and Central Asia and China. Represented in Pakistan by 4 species.

 

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1.

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Receptacle naked. Cypselas  with  minute, less than 0.1 mm long, patent pappus  scales  that apparently seem to be absent.

 

 

 

 2. C. calvum

 

Receptacle hairy. Cypselas with distinct, more than 0.2 mm long pappus scales.

 

 

2

2.

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Plants perennial.  Pappus scales 0.2 – 0.5 mm   (-0.8) mm long.

 

 

1. C. intybus

 

Plants annual or biennial. Pappus scales usually longer than 0.7 mm and terminating in 0.5 – 2 mm long acumens.

 

 

 

3

3.

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Plants soft to bristly hairy. Capitula clustered in groups of 2(-4), each with 9-14 florets. Peduncles 4 – 8 (-10) cm long.

 

 

 

3. C. pumilum

 

Plants glabrous. Capitula clustered in groups of 4-6(-8), each with 15 – 20 florets. Peduncles 9– 20  cm long.

 

 

 4. C. endivia

 
 
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