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Published In: Species Plantarum 2: 782. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 6/2/2011)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 6/3/2011)
General/Distribution: Most or all of the species are cultivated, derived from the native species of tropical and subtropical regions of SE. Asia. Because of its great economic importance, domestication, cultivation and hybridization of the species has led to many varieties and forms, thus providing taxonomic problems. The following account of the species is primarily based on the work of Tanaka & Swingle with modifications in the treatment of the varieties.

Tanaka has described over 100 species. A genus widely cultivated. 10 species have been described from Pakistan.


 

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Evergreen, small trees or shrubs, often spiny. Leaves simple, alternate, glandular punctate, petiole winged or margined. Flowers perfect or staminate, solitary or clustered in axillary racemes. Calyx 4-5-lobed, glabrous or pubescent. Petals (4-) 5(-8). Stamens 4-10 times the petals, polyadelphous. Ovary 10-14-locular, ovules biseriate or collateral. Fruit a fleshy hesperidium, globose to mamillate-oblong to oblate, rind tight or loose, with oil glands. Seeds embedded in pulpy vesicles.
 

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1 Petiole broadly winged; wings more than 10 mm broad. Fruit more than 10 cm in diameter (9)
+ Petiole wings less than 10 mm broad. Fruit 10 cm or less in diameter (2)
2 (1) Leaf perfectly articulated to the petiole. Petiole narrowly winged (3)
+ Leaf imperfectly articulated to the petiole. Petiole inconspicuously winged Citrus medica var. acida
3 (2) Spines absent or short. Rind easily separable from the fruit. Axis not hollow in fruit (4)
+ Spines always present. Rind not easily separable from the pulp vesicles. Axis hollow in fruit (5)
4 (3) Fruit 5-8 cm in diameter, rind usually rough and warty. Stamens more or less united into a tube. Flowers 1-few Citrus reticulata
+ Fruit c. 3 cm in diameter; rind smooth. Stamens not united into a tube. Flowers solitary Citrus madurensis
5 (3) Fruit ovoid or rounded, usually mamillate (6)
+ Fruit rounded or subglobose, never mamillate (7)
6 (5) Leaves elliptic to ovate (6.5-10 cm), serulate. Ripe fruit yellow Citrus limon
+ Leaves small and narrow (3.5-6 x 1.5-2.8 cm), crenate. Ripe fruit greenish-yellow Citrus aurantiifolia
7 (5) Flowers perfect. Stamens 20-25. Rind orange in ripe fruit (8)
+ Flowers perfect and staminate. Stamens c. 35. Rind green or pale-yellow in ripe fruit Citrus limetta
8 (7) Wings of petiole obovate. Fruit pulp sharply acid Citrus aurantium
+ Wings of petiole oblanceolate. Fruit with pulp sweet or subacidic when ripe Citrus sinensis
9 (1) Midrib and veins glabrous. Pulp vesicles closely packed. Seeds smooth
+ Midrib and veins pubescent. Pulp vesicles loosely packed. Seeds ridged Citrus grandis
 
 
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