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(Last Modified On 5/8/2013)
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(Last Modified On 5/8/2013)
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Genus
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Colubrina L.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Rich. ex Brong., Mem. Fam. Rhamn. 61. 1826, nom. cons.
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Description
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Shrubs, or small trees, evergreen or deciduous, with or without spines. Leaves alternate or opposite, pinnately-nerved or 3-nerved from the base, entire or finely dentate, with or without small glands on the lower surface, and/or 1 or 2 glands at the base of the blade; mostly petiolate, the stipules minute, free, caducous, or rarely connate and persistant. Inflorescences cymes or thyrses, small, sessile or shortly-peduncled, axillary, few-flowered, rarely reduced to a single flower. Flowers bisexual; floral tube cupulate; calyx 5-lobed, the lobes triangular-ovate, spreading, with a fleshy keel on the inner surface, deciduous; petals 5, greenish-yellow, yellow, or white, more or less ovate and concave, sessile or with a short stalk; stamens 5, enclosed by the petals, the anthers ovate; disc large, fleshy, filling the floral tube, adnate to the lower half of the ovary; ovary semi-inferior, 3-carpellate, ovules 3, the style slender, 3-lobed, the stigmas 3, small. Fruit capsular, slightly 3-lobed, dehiscent; seeds 3, obovate, brown to black, the testa lustrus.
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Habit
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Shrubs, or small trees
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Distribution
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A pantropical genus of 30 species.
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Reference
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Johnston, M. C. Revision of Colubrina (Rhamnaceae). Brittonia 23: 2-53. 1971.
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Key
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a. Plants armed with spines; leaves mostly less than- 6 cm long ... 1. C. heteroneura aa. Plants unarmed; at least some leaves more than 8 cm long. b. Leaves subopposite, coriaceous, lustrous above ... 2. C. glandulosa bb. Leaves alternate, membranaceous, dull above. c. Leaf glands restricted to margin near the base of the petiole ... 3. C. spinosa cc. Leaf glands scattered over the undersurface ..... 4. C. arborescens
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