(Last Modified On 5/30/2013)
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(Last Modified On 5/30/2013)
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Genus
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Cynanchum L.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Sp. P1. 212. 1753
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Note
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TYPE: C. acutum L.
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Synonym
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Metastelma R. Br., Mem. Wern. Soc. 1: 52. 1809. TYPE: M. parviflora (Sw.) R. Br. ex Schultes. Tassadia Dcne. in DC., Prod. 8: 579. 1844. TYPE: (not seen). Metalepis Griseb., Cat. P1. Cub. 179. 1866. TYPE: M. cubensis (A. Rich.) Griseb.
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Description
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Usually scandent herbs, sometimes suffrutescent, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves opposite, coriaceous to membranaceous, frequently small and narrow. In- florescences umbelliform or racemiform, sessile or pedunculate. Flowers with the calyx deeply 5-lobed, generally 5-glandular at the base within, the lobes often obtuse and small; corolla mostly whitish or yellowish, occasionally pink to brownish-purple, urceolate to campanulate to subrotate, usually small, 5-lobate, the lobes often pubescent within; stamens 5, the corona mostly of 5 distinct or connate segments, laminate to filiform, sometimes fleshy and minute, rarely absent, sometimes variously compound or with internal processes, the filaments
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Habit
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herbs
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Description
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connate into a short to elongate tube, the anthers terminated by an inflexed membrane; pollinia usually ovoid or oblong, pendulous; stigma apically flat or variously elaborated into a beak. Fruit single or paired follicles, smooth, usually terete or nearly so, commonly slender and acuminate, sometimes ovoid.
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Distribution
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A large genus, which, when considered in the wide sense, includes in excess of 200 species. These are widely distributed throughout temperate and tropical regions of both hemispheres.
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Key
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a. Leaves basally cordate; flowers large, the petals 2.5 mm long or more; follicles large, not paired. b. Inflorescence racemose; corolla lobes glabrous inside, more than 6 mm long (sub- genus Roulinia) ...... 6. C. magdalenictim bb. Inflorescence paniculate; corolla lobes white pubescent inside, 3.5 mm long or less (subgenus Metalepis) ...... 5. C. cubense aa. Leaves not cordate; flowers small, the petals less than 2 mm long; follicles small, usually paired. c. Leaves thick, dark shiny green above, paler beneath; umbels in spreading racemi- form inflorescences (subgenus Tassadia). d. Sepals equaling or exceeding the corolla tube in length ...... 1. C. recurvum dd. Sepals shorter than the corolla tube -2. C. apocynellum cc. Leaves thin, uniformly colored above and beneath; simple unbranched umbelliform inflorescences (subgenus Metastelma). e. Corolla lobes glabrous inside; corona segments ovate-oblong, overtopping the gynostegiun ...... 3. C. glaberrimum ee. Corolla lobes pubescent inside; corona segments subulate, equaling the gyno- stegium ...... 4. C. infimicola
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