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(Last Modified On 1/29/2013)
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(Last Modified On 1/29/2013)
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Genus
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HELICTERES L.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Sp. P1. 963. 1753
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Reference
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Gen. P1. ed. 5, 411. 1754
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Synonym
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Isora Adans., Fam. P1. 2: 382. 1763. Alicteres Neck., Elem. Bot. 2: 304. 1790. Methorium Schott & Endl., Melet. Bot. 29. 1832. Orthothecium Schott & Endl., loc. cit. 31. 1832. Anisora Rafin., Sylva Tellur. 74. 1838. Nisoralis Rafin., loc. cit. 74. 1838. Camaion Rafin., loc. cit. 75. 1838 Ozoxeta Rafin., loc. cit. 75. 1838. Oudermansia Miq. in Junghuhn, Plant. Junghuhnianae 295. 1854.
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Description
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Undershrubs, shrubs or small trees, the pubescence of stellate hairs. Leaves alternate, simple, petiolate, stipulate, the stipules caducous, the blade serrate, 3- to 7-nerved at the base. Inflorescences axillary or oppositifolious, fasciculate or flowers solitary. Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphous or zygomorphous, pedicellate, bracteolate; calyx gamosepalous, tubiform, either erect, regular and (4-)5-lobate, or horizontal, bilabiate and (2-4-)5-divided, the inner base glandular, deciduous; petals 5, contorted, long-unguiculate, the claws often appendiculate above the base, equal or not; gonophore well developed, longer than the calyx; stamens 6, 8, 10 or numerous, the filaments by pairs, the anthers 2-thecate, the thecae diver- gent or sometimes confluent, extrorse, longitudinally dehiscent; staminodes alter- nating with the pairs of stamens; ovary sessile, straight or spirally twisted, 5-celled, the cells many-ovulate; styles 5, free or coherent, filiform; stigmas acute or slightly capitate. Fruit borne on the accrescent gonophore, capsular, ligneous, straight or spirally twisted, the carpels separating at maturity by the rupture of the walls in the vicinity of the placenta (follicles); seeds numerous, small and angular; albumen scant; embryo straight; cotyledons foliaceous, folded.
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Habit
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Undershrubs shrubs
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Habit
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trees
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Distribution
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A genus of about 40 species, native to the tropics of both hemispheres, exclusive Africa, but most abundant in America; only two species are at the present time reported from Panama.
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Key
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a. Flowers erect, actinomorphous; calyx ca. 1.8-2.2 cm. long; gonophore ca. 2.7- 3.5 cm. long, sparsely puberulous, the hairs simple and glandular; fruit 2.2-3 cm. long, glabrous at maturity ... .. ... ... 1. H. GUAZUMAEFOLIA aa. Flowers horizontal, zygomorphous; calyx ca. 3 cm. long; gonophore ca. 8 cm. long, whitish-pubescent-arachnoid, the hairs stellate; fruit 4-5.5 cm. long, tomentose to puberulous . 2. H. BARUENSIS
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