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Project Name Data (Last Modified On 5/14/2013)
 

Flora Data (Last Modified On 5/14/2013)
Genus Viburnum L.
PlaceOfPublication Sp. P1. 267. 1753.
Note TYPE: V. lantana L.
Synonym Oreinotinus Oerst., Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn 1860: 211. 1861.
Description Shrubs or trees, sometimes scandent; branches solid or with soft pith, the twigs terete, often pubescent. Leaves deciduous or evergreen, in some species with bud 6A list of generic synonyms is provided by Hutchison, Genera of Flowering Plants 2: 85. 1967. Only the above names have been used for Panamian material. This content downloaded from 192.104.39.2 on Thu, 9 May 2013 15:30:06 PMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions164 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN [VOL. 60 scales, opposite or ternate, simple, not connate, the margins entire or dentate, the teeth often callose-glandular, mostly pubescent with simple, stellate, or lepidote hairs and often with reddish-drying glands, often penninerved; petiolate, the petioles often glandular, appendaged, and clasping; stipules mostly inconspicuous or wanting. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, compound cymes or rarely pani- cles, bracts and bracteoles mostly present, sometimes sub-foliaceous, the pedicels or peduncles often articulating at the base. Flowers white or rose, fragrant, bisexual and regular or the outer flowers of the inflorescence sometimes neuter and irregular; calyx tube ellipsoidal or cylindrical, pubescent, glandular or glabrous, adnate to the ovary, the lobes mostly persistent, equalling the tube or shorter; corolla perigynous, mostly campanulate, sometimes rotate or tubular deeply 4-5-lobed, the lobes quincuncial (? or imbricate) in bud; stamens equal, the filaments inserted at the base of the corolla tube, straight and sometimes compressed or variously thickened along their length, the anthers exserted, dor- sifixed and versatile, ellipsoidal, opening introrsely; ovary immersed halfway or more in the perianth tube, 3-1-locular, the locules not radially symmetrical with respect to the floral axis, the ovules 1 per locule, pedulous from the apex of the locule, anatropous, the superior portion (style) glabrous, glandular, or pubescent, persistent on the fruit, the stigmas 3, free or more or less connate, rarely appen- daged; disc absent. Fruit a baccate drupe, sometimes brightly colored, globose, ellipsoidal, ovoid, or sometimes compressed, 1-seeded (by abortion); the seeds oblong, compressed, grooved, or the margins inflexed, the raphe lateral, the endosperm fleshy and rarely ruminate, the embryo minute, straight, situated at the apex of the seed, the cotyledons semi-terete.
Habit Shrubs or trees
Distribution A genus of about 100-200 species of wide distribution, numerous in the north temperate zone and on tropical mountains, rare in the Antilles, absent from New Zealand and Australia, and rare in eastern and southern South America. The Panamanian species are closely related and are restricted to the uplands of the Chiriqui Mountains.
Note The fruits of some species are edible.
Reference Morton, C. V. 1933. The Mexican and Central American species of Viburnum. Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 26: 339-366.
Key a. Leaves glabrate, if pubescent then not felty-tomentose, the margins entire or with only a few teeth; pedicels and peduncles slender, pubescent or glabrate but not tomentose; drying dark ...... 1. V. costaricanum aa. Leaves felty-tomentose with numerous glandular-cellose teeth; pedicels and peduncles stout, tomentose ...... 2. V. stellato-tomentosum
Species Viburnum stellato-tomentosum (Oerst.) Hemsl.
PlaceOfPublication Biol. Centr. Amer. Bot. 2: 3. 1881.-FIG. 3A-B.
Synonym Oreinotinus stellato-tomentosus Oerst., Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn 1860: 83. 1861. TYPE: Volcain Irazui, Costa Rica, Oersted 7818 (C, not seen). Viburnum stellato-pilosum Polak., Linnaea 41: 564. 1877. TYPE: Volcain Barba, Costa Rica, Polakowsky 349 (B., not seen; photo MO).
Description Shrub or tree to 8 m tall; branches terete, mostly glabrous and grey or reddish, dark, sometimes drying almost black, the twigs 6-2& cm long, densely tomentose with mostly sessile multangulate stellate hairs; bud scales tomentose but glabres- cent. Leaves ovate, apically obtuse or acuminate, basally subcordate, rounded, or obtuse, often oblique, the margins entire or toothed, the teeth often appearing gland-tipped, above with dispersed to dense, sessile or stalked multangulate hairs and sparse, small, short-stalked glands, sometimes glabrescent, beneath densely tomentose, the midvein mostly recurved, the secondary veins 4-5 on each side, obscure near the leaf apex; petioles 5-15 mm long, tomentose; stipules absent. Inflorescence terminal, 2-4-times compound cymes 5-8 cm in diameter, the bracts narrow, spatulate to lanceolate, variable in size, to 5 cm long, the bracteoles linear, 2-5 mm long, rarely equaling the flowers, mostly pubescent; pedicels 1-2 mm long, tomentose. Flowers white, fragrant; calyx 2 mm long, the tube cylindrical or obconical, mostly with numerous stalked, red-dying glands, seldom glabrous or with eglandular simple hairs, the lobes deltoid to obtuse, sometimes emarginate, conspicuously ciliate, rarely pubescent dorsally; corolla campanulate, glabrate with a few hairs inside and out near the apex of the tube, 2-3 mm long, lobed to ca. 1/2 way down, the lobes rounded, quincuncial in bud; stamens exserted, the filaments narrowed apically, slightly gibbous basally, the anthers ca. 1 mm long; the ovary 1-loculed, superior portion (style) conical, the stigmas 3, more or less distinct and unequal. Fruit an ellipsoid, black, juicy berry ca. 5 mm long.
Habit Shrub or tree
Note This species may be recognised by its felty leaves which have conspicuous, small, ascending glandular-callose teeth, and by the even, stellate tomentum on the peduncles and pedicels.
Distribution upper elevations in the Chiriqui mountains and in Costa Rica.
Note Following his type description, Morton (1933) stated: "This, the commonest species of Costa Rica, is a round-topped tree with black edible fruit."
Specimen CHIRIQUI: Llanos del Volca'n, 1300 m, Allen 1538 (MO, NY, US). Llano del Volcan, 1500-1600 m, Allen & Fairchild 3471 (MO, US). Elevated gravel benches 1 mi, SW of Boquete, 40,00 ft, Allen 4719 (MO, NY, US). Steep slope edge of cafetal, upper side of Boquete, D'Arcy & D'Arcy 6478 (ADW, BIRM, C, CAL, COI, COL, CORD, DAO, DUKE, F, FSU, G, GH, K, L, LE, M, MO, MPU, NY, P, PMA, POM, PRE, T, TH, UCWI, US, VEN, WIS). Boquete, 3800 ft, Davidson 620 (A, MO, US). Lava fields near town of Volcan, 4600 ft, Duke 9141 (MO). Llanos del Volcan, 1120-1200 m, Seibert 319 (MO). Llanos Francia near Boquete, 3300 ft, Stern et al. 1198 (GH, MO, US). In deep arid canyon bottom 5 mi. NE of El Volcan, 6300-6500 ft, Tyson 804 (MO). On old lava prairie 3 mi. N of El Volcan, 5000 ft, Tyson 5719 (MO). Rio Chiriqui Viejo Valley near El Volcan, White 192 (GH, MO). Finca Lerida to Boquete, 1300-1700 m, Woodson et al. 1103 (A, MO). El Hato de Volcan, llanos, Ebinger 775 (US).
 
 
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