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(Last Modified On 8/8/2013)
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(Last Modified On 8/8/2013)
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Genus
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Nautilocalyx Linden ex Hanst.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Linnaea 26: 181, 206-207. 1854.
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Note
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TYPE: N. hastatus Linden ex Hanst., nom. illeg. [Centrosolenia bractescens Hook.] = Nautilocalyx bracteatus (Planch.) Sprague.
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Synonym
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Skiophila Hanst., Linnaea 26: 206-207. 1854. TYPE: S. melittifolia (L.) Hanst. = Nautilocalyx melittifolius (L.) Wiehl. Episcia Mart., sect. Skiophila (Hanst.) Benth. in Benth. & Hook. f., Gen. P1. 2: 1007. 1876.
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Description
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Terrestrial or rarely epiphytic perennial herbs or low shrubs, occasionally
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Habit
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herbs or low shrubs
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Description
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producing tubers; stems erect or decumbent, succulent, sometimes rooting at the nodes. Leaves opposite, elongate, equal or unequal in a pair; blades lanceo- late, elliptic or oblong, membranous or fleshy, often purplish below, the apex acute or acuminate, the base cuneate, often with a wing extending along the petiole. Inflorescences axillary of flowers in cymes, fascicles, or solitary, sub- tended by two or more leafy bracts. Flowers with an irregular calyx, the lobes unequal, green or colored; corolla white to yellow, usually with spots or lines of purple, tubular, broadened laterally, oblique in the calyx, with a short spur, limb 5-lobed, the lobes nearly equal, often large; stamens included, 4, filaments basally connate and adnate to the base of the corolla tube, the anthers apically joined in 2 pairs, dehiscing by a longitudinal slit; disc of a single posterior gland or of 2 opposite glands; ovary superior, the style included, the stigma bilobed. Fruit a bivalved capsule; seeds small, numerous, ellipsoid, striate, twisted.
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Distribution
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Nautilocalyx includes more than 12 species found in the Lesser Antilles, in Central America from Mexico to Panama, and throughout northern South America from Peru to Colombia, Venezuela and the Guianas, and Amazonian Brazil.
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Note
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Three species occur in Panamai in damp, shaded situations. This genus is perhaps most closely related to Episcia Mart., but differs in lacking stolons, a distinguishing character for Episcia. The generic name may have been derived from an imagined similarity of the shape of the calyx to the shape of a chambered nautilus. No explanation of the name was given by either Linden or Hanstein.
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Reference
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Batcheller, F. N. 1970. Gesneriads one by one: Nautilocalyx. The Gloxinian 20(3): 15-19. Skog, L. E. 1974. Valid publication of Nautilocalyx picturatus [Gesneriaceae]. Baileya 19: 118-122. Sprague, T. A. 1912. The genus Nautilocalyx. Bull. Misc. Inform. 1912: 85-90. Wiehler, H. 1973. Seven transfers from Episcia species in cultivation (Gesne- riaceae). Phytologia 27: 307-308.
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Key
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a. Leaves oblanceolate, base of blade decurrent into petiole; calyx lobes narrowly lanceolate to linear ...... 1. N. colombianus aa. Leaves ovate, elliptic to obovate, base of blade acute, rounded to cordate; calyx lobes lanceolate to ovate. b. Capsule oblong; style glabrous; leaf blades elliptic to obovate ...... 2. N. dressleri bb. Capsule globose; style pilose; leaf blades ovate ...... 3. N. panamensis
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