4. Nicotiana
L. (tobacco)
(Goodspeed, 1954)
Plants annual or
perennial herbs (shrubs or small trees elsewhere), unarmed. Stems erect or
strongly ascending, often relatively stout, unbranched or with few to several
ascending branches, mostly toward the tip, sparsely to densely glandular-hairy
(the plants somewhat sticky to the touch). Leaves alternate and sometimes also
basal, sessile to long-petiolate. Leaf blades simple, variously shaped, unlobed
or with a pair of basal auricles, the margins entire or at most wavy, the
surfaces glandular-hairy and sometimes also with sessile glands. Inflorescences
terminal, panicles or racemes. Flowers ascending and/or spreading, the fruits
usually more or less ascending. Calyces 8–20 cm long, unequally 5-lobed,
broadly tubular to bell-shaped at flowering, rounded at the base, lacking basal
auricles, the sides rounded or more commonly more or less 5- or 10-ridged,
persistent intact but often slightly enlarged and distended at fruiting.
Corollas 1.5–11.0 cm long, trumpet-shaped to somewhat funnelform, relatively
shallowly 5-lobed, the lobes variously shaped, often appearing spirally twisted
and pleated in bud, variously colored. Stamens with filaments longer than the
anthers, unequal in length and/or attachment point in the corolla tube (usually
1 filament longer than and/or attached below the other 4), the anthers free,
erect or incurved, not exserted, dehiscent longitudinally, light yellow to
nearly white. Ovary 2-carpellate the style elongate, positioned at or slightly
above the level of the anthers, often green. Fruits capsules, dry, globose to
ovoid or ellipsoid, 2-locular, tan or light brown, dehiscent longitudinally
from the tip, with numerous seeds, unarmed. Seeds 0.4–1.1 mm in longest
dimension, more or less circular ro broadly elliptic, oval, or angular,
flattened, the surface with a fine network of ridges or appearing finely
wrinkled, light to dark brown, lacking wings. About 76 species, North America,
Central America, South America, Africa, Australia.