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(Last Modified On 4/4/2013)
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(Last Modified On 4/4/2013)
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Habit
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Herbs
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Distribution
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About 300 species in the warmer regions of the New World, especially Brazil, and a few representatives in the Old World tropics.
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Reference
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Epling, C. C. Revision del genero Hyptis (Labiatae). Revista Mus. La Plata Bot. 7: 153-497, 1949.
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Key
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a. Verticils few-flowered, distant. b. Calyx teeth deltoid ................ ..................... 1. H. verticillata bb. Calyx teeth linear or spinulose. c. Robust herbs; inflorescences open, peduncles ca 0.5-1 cm long; calyx tubes 5-7 mm long; bracts ? deciduous ....... ........... 2. H. suaveolens cc. Weak herbs; inflorescences more compacted, sessile, or with peduncles d. Bracteoles linear; inflorescences ? scorpioid; conspicuous white tuft of hair between calyx teeth .............. ............ 3. H. pectinata dd. Bracteoles ovate; inflorescences semiglobose; no conspicuous white tuft of hair between calyx teeth .......... .......... 4. H. mutabilis aa. Verticils congested into dense capitula, or if doubtful, then plant with branched hairs. e. Inflorescences sessile or shortly pedunculate; the cleft between the upper calyx teeth cut more deeply ....... ........................... 5. H. pulegioides ee. Inflorescences pedunculate; calyx teeth cut ? evenly. f. Outer bracts filiform to linear; calyx tube at maturity recurved above the middle . .................................... 6. H. recurvata ff. Outer bracts lanceolate, spatulate, or ovate; calyx tube ? straight at ma- turity. g. Stems and under surfaces of leaves with branched hairs . . 7. H. oblongifolia gg. Hairs simple. h. Leaves definitely sessile, the bases truncate and clasping; inflores- cences conspicuously whitish-pubescent .8. H. dilatata hh. Leaves petiolate, or if subsessile, then with narrowed bases; inflo- rescences not conspicuously whitish-pubescent. i. Calyx tube naked within, sometimes pubescent near orifice but not pilose-annulate above the nutlets. j. Peduncles k. Calyx kk. Calyx > 3 mm long, the teeth spinulose .... 10. H. brevipes jj. At least some peduncles 2 cm long or longer. 1. Robust, erect herbs; peduncles stout; at least some leaves > 5 cm long .11. H. brachiata 11. Slender, prostrate herbs; peduncles slender; leaves mostly 2.5-3.5 cm long ...... ......... 12. H. atrorubens ii. Calyx tube distinctly pilose-annulate within above the nutlets. m. Calyx tube conspicuously longer than the teeth. . 13. H. capitata mm. Calyx tube and teeth about equal in length. n. Slender herbs; leaves + ovate, ca 3-4 long; bracts ovate and crenate .14. H. lantanaefolia nn. Robust, coarse herbs; leaves lanceolate, or if rarely ovate-lanceolate then > 5 cm long; bracts ? awlshaped and entire. o. Bracts glabrous; mature capitula ? globose .... .15. H. savannarum oo. Bracts with soft pale brown pubescence; mature capitula ? hemispheric ....16. H. conferta
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Genus
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Hyptis Jacq.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Coll. 1: 101, 1787. nom. cons.
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Synonym
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Mesosphaerum P. Br., Hist. Jamaic. 257, pl. 18, f. 3, 1756.
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Description
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Herbs, coarse, half-shrubs, shrubs, or rarely trees. Leaves opposite, simple, mostly petiolate, pinnately-nerved. Inflorescences verticils, arranged as a spike or raceme, or congested into dense capitula, + sessile or pedunculate; bracts linear to ovate. Flowers sessile or pedicellate; bracteoles present or npt apparent; calyx tubular or campanulate, ? actinomorphic, rarely bilabiate, often enlarging in fruit, generally membranaceous and ca 10-veined, the tube straight, bent, or curved, the teeth deltoid, linear or spinulose; corolla tubular, white, blue, or rose-purple, glabrous or pubescent, bilabiate, the upper lip 2-lobed, the lower lip usually longer and 3-lobed, the middle lobe saccate; stamens 4, paired, mounted on the corolla throat, curved into the lower lip or exserted over it, the filaments distinct, the connective not developed, the anthers with 2 functional thecae, frequently red to purple, mostly divergent; ovary 4-lobed, gynobase lobed and somewhat elongated, the style gynobasic, long and slender, branched near the tip, the lobes small, clavate and ? equal. Nutlets (1-)4, attached at the base, ovoid-cylindrical or ? flattened, sometimes with 2 slight depressions on the lobes of the gynobase adhering, brown.
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