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(Last Modified On 1/28/2013)
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(Last Modified On 1/28/2013)
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Genus
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DRYMARIA Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Syst. 5:31. 1819.
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Synonym
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Pinosia Urban, in Arkiv Bot. 23A5:70. pI. 2. 1930. Mollugophytum M. E. Jones, in Extr. Contr. West. Bot. 18:35. 1933.
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Description
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Annual or perennial, glabrous to pubescent herbs, occasionally subligneous below, prostrate, spreading or erect. Leaves opposite, with persistent or fugaceous small stipules, sessile or petiolate, glabrous to villose, the hairs often glandular. Flowers in few-flowered racemes or in dichasial cymes, rarely solitary in the axils. Sepals 5, not connate. Petals (0-) 5, white, usually 2-cleft, with the sinus of the cleft occasionally laciniate. Stamens 2-5, the anthers versatile, 2-celled, the flat- tened filaments slightly connate at the base, rarely with prominent staminodia. Ovary superior, slightly stipitate; carpels 3, the 3 styles united below; ovules few-many, campylotropous on free central placentae. Capsule ovoid to spheroid, dehiscing into 3 entire valves; seeds l-many, cochleate, foetiform or hippocrepiform, usually tuberculate, the embryo curved about the perisperm.
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Habit
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herbs
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Distribution
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Exceptional for the Caryophyllaceae in being an almost exclusively tropical genus, Drymaria is represented in Panama by only two species.
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Note
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D. glandulosa Presl. and D. palustris, both ranging from North to South America, have not yet been collected in Panama. The genus consists of perhaps sixty species, all but three confined to tropical and subtropical America. A peculiar group of species with foetiform seeds centers about D. holosteoides Benth. which is a seriously toxic range plant of the Sonoran Desert (Little, in Ecology 18:416. 1937). In the only existing revisionary treatment of the genus, Wiggins (in Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 425:189. 1944), dealing with species on and near the Sonoran Desert, recognizes that the seeds are distinctive but lays little emphasis thereon. In my soon forth- coming revision of the whole genus, the seeds are one of the most important diagnostic characters, and the petal and leaf shapes are next respectively in impor- tance to an understanding of the relationships that exist in the genus.
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Key
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a. Leaves and pedicels scantily to densely villose with long, spreading non-glandular hairs; lobes of the petals acute to emarginate, 2-4-nerved, basally provided with linear auricles; seeds 0.5-0.9 mm. broad, with stellate tubercles .............. D. .V.L...L.S... ........................ I. D. VILLOSA aa. Leaves glabrous or puberulent; pedicels locally girdled with dense bands of glandular pubescence; lobes of the petals acute, 1-nerved, basally exauriculate; seeds 1.0-1.5 mm. broad, with domical tubercles ............... 2. D. CORDATA
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