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(Last Modified On 5/21/2013)
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(Last Modified On 5/21/2013)
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Genus
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Pachyptera DC. ex Meisn.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Gen. 1: 299; 2: 207. 1840.
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Note
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LECTOTYPE: P. foveolata DC. = P. kerere (Aubl.) Sandw.
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Synonym
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Pseudocalymma Samp. & Kuhlm., 0 Campo (Rio de Janeiro) 4(11): 15. 1933; Bol. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro 10: 101. 1934. TYPE: P. laevigatum (Bur. & K. Schum.) Samp. & Kuhlm. = Pachyptera hymenaea (DC.) A. Gentry.
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Description
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Lianas; stems with 4 or 8 phloem arms in cross section; branchlets terete to subtetragonal, outer cortex thin and tending to peel; often with conspicuous interpetiolar glandular fields; pseudostipules subulate, usually vertically 2-3- seriate. Leaves 2-3-foliolate, the petiole usually with an apical glandular field, the terminal leaflet often replaced by a trifid tendril or a simple tendril with a peltate disc at its tip. Inflorescence an axillary or terminal panicle or raceme. Flowers with the calyx cupular to campanulate, truncate, often with plate-shaped glands in the upper part; corolla white to purple, tubular to campanulate, pub- erulous outside at least on the lobes; anthers glabrous or villous, the thecae divaricate, curved or straight; pollen grains 3-colpate, the exine finely reticulate; ovary cylindric, pustular-lepidote to papillate, the ovules 2(?-4)-seriate. Fruit a pale brown capsule, the valves parallel to the septum, extremely flat and compressed to thick and convex with a conspicuously raised midline; the seeds thin with pale translucent papery wings or thick, corky, and essentially without wings.
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Habit
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Lianas
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Distribution
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About seven species in continental tropical America ranging from Mexico to Brazil.
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Key
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a. Tendrils simple, disc-tipped; leaflets less than 3 cm long ...... 3. P. parvifolia aa. Tendrils trifid, not disc-tipped; leaflets more than 4 cm long. b. Vegetative parts without onion odor; pseudostipules acute, vertically 3-seriate; leaves mostly 3-foliolate; inflorescence a short-pedicelled raceme; corolla puberulous outside on tube and lobes; anther thecae villous. c. Capsule valves thick, woody, convex, the median nerve conspicuously raised; seeds thick, corky, essentially wingless ...... 2a. P. kerere var. kerere cc. Capsule valves thin and perfectly flat or slightly raised along the margin, median nerve not obvious; the seeds thin, bialate, with broad papery wings (not yet seen from Panama) ...... 2b. P. kerere var. incarnata bb. Vegetative parts with conspicuous onion or garlic odor; pseudostipules short, blunt, relatively inconspicuous; leaves 2-foliolate; inflorescence a panicle or few-flowered open raceme; corolla puberulous outside only on lobes; anther thecae glabrous. d. Calyx large, more than 13 mm long and 13 mm wide, red violet when fresh; in- florescence an elongate, open, few-flowered panicle or raceme; one pair of anthers exserted; fruits strongly compressed, the median nerve obscure; leaflets elliptic, with glandular fields in the axils of basal lateral nerves beneath ...... 4. P. standleyi dd. Calyx small, less than 7 mm long and 7 mm wide, greenish when fresh; inflores- cence usually a more or less contracted panicle; anthers included; fruits only somewhat compressed, the median nerve conspicuous, raised; leaflets ovate to elliptic, with or without concentration of glands in axils of basal lateral nerves beneath ...... 1. P. hymenaea
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