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Gladiolus gunnisii (Rendle) Marais Search in The Plant ListSearch in IPNISearch in Australian Plant Name IndexSearch in NYBG Virtual HerbariumSearch in Muséum national d'Histoire naturelleSearch in Type Specimen Register of the U.S. National HerbariumSearch in Virtual Herbaria AustriaSearch in JSTOR Plant ScienceSearch in SEINetSearch in African Plants Database at Geneva Botanical GardenAfrican Plants, Senckenberg Photo GallerySearch in Flora do Brasil 2020Search in Reflora - Virtual HerbariumSearch in Living Collections Decrease font Increase font Restore font
 

Published In: Kew Bulletin 28: 313. 1973. (Kew Bull.) Name publication detail
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 1/23/2017)
Acceptance : Accepted
Taxon Profile     (Last Modified On 1/23/2017)
Description: Plants 250–350(–450) mm high. Corm globose-conic, 11–14 mm diam.; tunics of fine-to medium-textured, compacted fibers. Leaves 3 to 5, lower 2 or 3 basal, about 1/3 as long as stem, blades linear, 2–3(–4.5) mm wide, main veins and sometimes the margins lightly thickened, the upper leaves cauline and progressively shorter, sometimes uppermost entirely sheathing. Stem unbranched, c. 1.5 mm diam. at spike base. Spike (1–)2- to 3-flowered; bracts green, 25–40(–45) mm long, inner nearly equal or 2–4 mm shorter than outer. Flowers white or sometimes pale yellow, strongly fragrant; perianth tube slender, 80–120 mm long, expanding in upper 10 mm; tepals evidently subequal, nearly elliptic, dorsal probably horizontal, remaining tepals spreading, 25–30 mm long. Filaments c. 9 mm long, included in tube or barely exserted for c. 1 mm; anthers 8–9 mm long, bases sometimes within tube. Ovary 4–5 mm long; style dividing c. 5 mm beyond anther apices, branches c. 5 mm long. Capsules and seeds unknown. Flowering time; mostly December and January in Somalia and Eritrea, May and June in Ethiopia.
Country: Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia
Distribution and ecology: restricted to the mountains of the Horn of Africa and has been recorded mostly from northern Somalia, but there are also records from Eritrea and southern Ethiopia, flowering in Somalia and Eritrea mainly in the wetter months, October to February, and favor sheltered situations on north-facing slopes, often among rocks while in southern Ethiopia, plants flower in May and June. The difference in flowering time suggests that the Ethiopian plants may represent a separate species, but they do not seem to differ in any significant way from those from Somalia and Eritrea.
Diagnosis: white to cream flower, a long perianth tube, 80–120 mm long, included filaments, and narrow, grasslike leaves are the characteristic features of Gladiolus gunnisii. Although the long tube, white flower, and subequal tepals suggest a relationship with the Acidanthera group, perhaps most closely with the eastern African and southern Arabian G. candidus, G. gunnisii does not have the apiculate anthers that characterize the group. Moreover, the relatively short and nearly equal inner and outer bracts and the smaller tepals are also inconsistent there. Its relationships remain uncertain. The species is provisionally associated with the central Tanzanian endemic, G. richardsiae.

As noted above, there are two collections of Gladiolus gunnisii from southern Ethiopia, and the geographical disjunction combined with the difference in flowering time from the Somalian and Eritrean plants suggest the possibility that they represent a separate species. The Ethiopian specimens seem more robust and have broader leaves, up to 5.5 mm wide, and bracts 4.5 cm long (2.5–3 cm in wild-collected plants from Somalia). These features seem significant until cultivated plants of Somalian origin are compared with the Ethiopian specimens. The Ethiopian plants also have broader leaves and longer bracts. This makes it seem likely that variation between Ethiopian and Somalian plants is the result of differences in growing conditions.


 
 
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