51. Boechera laevigata (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Al-Shehbaz, Novon 13: 386. 2003; Turritis laevigata Muhlenberg ex Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3(2): 543. 1801; A. laevigata (Muhlenberg ex Willdenow) Poiret, Encycl. Suppl. 1: 411. 1810. TYPE: United States, Pennsylvania: without locality, G. H. E. Muhlenberg s.n. (holotype, PH).

Arabis hastata Eaton, Man. Bot., ed. 2, 141. 1818. TYPE: United States, not located.

Arabis heterophylla Nuttall in Torrey & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 81. 1838; A. laevigata var. heterophylla (Nuttall) Farwell, Ann. Rep. Michigan Acad. Sci. 19: 248. 1917. TYPE: United States, “near Paris, Maine or in the vicinity of the White Mountains of New Hampshire”, no specimens located.

Arabis lyraefolia de Candolle, Syst. Nat. 2 : 244. 1821, nom. superfl., listing the earlier-published Turrits lyrata in synonymy.

Turritis lyrata Rafinesque, Amer. Monthly Mag. & Crit. Rev. 2: 44. 1817. TYPE: United States, Catskill Mountains, Rafinesque s.n. (holotype, not located).

     Plants biennials, without evident caudices, lacking crowded, persistent leaf bases; sexual, with ellipsoid pollen. Stems 1 per plant, arising near ground surface from center of basal rosettes, (1.5–)3–11 dm, glabrous throughout. Leaves at stem bases obovate to oblanceolate, (4–)10–40 mm wide, serrate or dentate, often minutely ciliate-mucronate on teeth, blade surfaces glabrous or very sparsely pubescent with simple trichomes 0.1–0.6 mm; cauline leaves 7–15, often concealing stem proximally, the uppermost glabrous, with auricles 3–12(–17) mm. Inflorescences occasionally branched, 16–45-flowered; fruiting pedicels 5–23 mm, suberect to divaricate-ascending, straight to slightly curved, glabrous. Flowers ascending at anthesis; sepals glabrous; petals white, 3–5 ´ 1.0–1.5 mm, glabrous; ovules 50–80 per fruit. Fruits (4.0–)6.0–11.7 cm ´ 1–2 mm, divaricate-ascending, not appressed to rachises, rarely somewhat secund, curved, with parallel edges, glabrous; style 0.1–0.7(–1.0) mm. Seeds uniseriate, 1.2–2.2 ´ 0.8–1.4 mm; wing continuous, 0.1–0.3 mm wide distally. 2n = 14.

Flowering: Mar–May.

Habitat: rocky bluffs, cedar glades, wooded hillsides and floodplains.

Elevation: 100–500 m.

Distribution: Canada (Ontario, Quebec), United States (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Ga., Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Hampshire, N.J., New York, N.C., Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, S.C., Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin

Reproductive mode: sexual diploid.