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Published In: Cacteae in Horto Dyckensi Cultae. Anno 1849 64. 1849[1850]. (1-6 Apr 1850) (Cact. Hort. Dyck. (1849)) Name publication detailView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 10/9/2022)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 10/9/2022)
Contributor Text: Roohi Abid & Anjum Perveen
Contributor Institution: Centre for Plant Conservation, University of Karachi – Pakistan
Synonym Text:

Cactus cochenillifer L., Sp. Pl. 1: 468. 1753; Opuntia cochenillifera (L.) Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Opuntia No. 6. 1768; DC., Prodr. 3: 473. 1828; Parker, l. c. 263. 1921; R. Hunt. Cactaceae, Fl. Trop. E. Africa, 1968; R. R. Stewart, Ann. Cat. Vasc. Pl. W. Pak. & Kashm. 496. 1972; Li Zhenyu & Nigel P. Taylor in Hong Deyvan et al., Fl. China 13: 211. 2007.

Flower/Fruit:

Fl. Per.: Jul - Feb                     Vern.: Kabuli tsui, Nagphani, Cochined plant, prickly pear

Type:

Lectotype: Habitat in Jamaica & America calidiore Tuna minor flore sanguinco, cochenillifera in Dillenius Hort. Eltham 2: 399. T. 297. F. 383. 1732 (designated by Howard, Fl. Lesser Antilles 5: 411. 1989).

Comment/Acknowledgements:

Native of tropical America, grows on sandy soil, open fields and on deciduous bush land on 520 m.

Cultivated in Lahore (Parker, l. c.).

Fruits are edible and young stems are cooked, and used as vegetables, collected from the wild for local use. Segments are used as fodder and poultices and for rearing cochineal insects to obtain a red dye. Different parts of the plant also used in skin and chest infection, treatment of spleen and fever etc.


 

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Shrubs or arborescent or small trees, 2- 4 (- 5) m tall, trunk 15 – 20 cm in diameter, terete. Branches segment green, flattened, elliptic – narrowly obovate, 10 – 20 (-40) cm long, 5 – 7 (-12) cm wide, smooth, entire, rounded basally and apically. Areoles white, 2 – 5 mm in diameter, wool tawny, whitening with age. Spines usually absent, rarely with 1-3 per areole, short, 3 – 9 mm long, acicular, greyish, mostly developed on mature ones. Glochidia brown, early deciduous or inconspicuous. Leaves subulate, 3- 4 mm long, early caducous. Flowers many, somewhat terminal, bright scarlet 1.2 – 1.5 cm across, 5 – 6 cm long. Perianth erect. Outer tepals sepaloid green, with red or green midrib, largest one ovate – deltoid, 5 – 10 (-12) mm long, 5- 8 (-9) mm wide, entire, acute. Inner tepals petaloids, bright red, spathulate or ovate – obovate, 10-12 (-15) mm long, 0.5 - 1 cm wide, entire or undulate, subobtuse – acute. Stamens erect, exserted, much longer than the perianth, red pink, filaments 3 4 cm long, pinkish, anthers ca 1.5 cm, yellow. Style pink, 4 – 4.5 cm long. Stigma yellow, 6 – 7 lobed, shortly exerted beyond stamens, ca 3 mm long. Fruits ellipsoid, red, 3 5 cm long, 2 – 2.5 (-3) cm wide, umbilicus. Seeds gray or tannish, thickened, discoid, 3 – 5 mm long, 1.5 3 mm in diameter.

 
 
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