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(Last Modified On 7/12/2013)
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(Last Modified On 7/12/2013)
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Species
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Burmeistera cyclostigmata Donnell Smith
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PlaceOfPublication
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Bot. Gaz. (Crawfordsville) 20: 291. 1895.
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Note
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TYPE: Costa Rica, Prov. de Cartago, Estrella, Cooper 5845 (US, holotype; GH, isotype).
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Synonym
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Burmeistera cyclostigmata var. suerrensis Donnell Smith, Bot. Gaz. (Crawfordsville) 24: 394. 1897. TYPE: Costa Rica, Prov. de Limon, llanos de Santa Clara, Donnell Smith 6623 (US, holo- type; GH, M, isotypes). Burmeistera suerrensis (Donnell Smith) F. E. Wimmer, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 14. 1932. Burmeistera suerrensis var. almirantensis F. E. Wimmer, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 14, pl. 124, fig. 26. 1932. TYPE: Panama, Cooper 234 (F, holotype; NY, US, isotypes). Burmeistera millei F. E. Wimmer, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 15, pl. 123, fig. 12. 1932. SYN- TYPES: Ecuador, locality not indicated, Mille 31, 32 (Q, not seen).
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Description
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Terrestrial or epiphytic, suffrutescent herbs; stems usually (0.3-) 1.0-1.5 m high, glabrous throughout or minutely pubescent above. Principal leaves with blades elliptic, ovate or broadly lanceolate, (2-)7-12(-18) cm long, (1.2-) 3.5(-8) cm wide, usually 2-3 times as long as wide, apically abruptly narrowed to an acuminate tip, basally cuneate to rounded, marginally entire except for minute callosities or repand-dentate with conspicuous callose-tipped teeth, gla- brous on both surfaces, the veins minutely scaberulous beneath, rarely puberulous to short-pubescent beneath; petioles glabrous, rarely puberulous, (1-)1.5-3 cm long. Flowers (3-)4-5 cm long; pedicels solitary in the upper leaf axils, ascend- ing, glabrous, ebracteolate (1.5-)4.5-10(-12) cm long; hypanthium glabrous, rarely appressed puberulous or spiculate, in anthesis cylindric to campanulate, basally rounded, flaring apically, usually as broad as long, 5-12 mm long, 4-8 mm in diameter; calyx lobes oblong, linear or rarely triangular-deltoid, apically rounded, rarely acute, entire or minutely dentate, 2-12(-22) mm long; corolla glabrous, rarely puberulous or spiculate, variable in color but basically green with suffusion of red or dark purple, appearing deep maroon or dark purple, the tube 11-16 mm long, flaring greatly in the upper third, the lobes linear and falcate, the 2 upper lobes 12-22 mm long, the 2 lateral lobes 8-12 mm long, the lowest lobe 6-9 mm long; filament tube (25-)30-36 mm long, glabrous or distally in- conspicuously puberulous, basally distinct and free from the corolla tube, the anthers usually glabrous externally, rarely copiously appressed-pubescent, the 3 longer anthers 5-8 mm long, the 2 shorter anthers about half as long and either glabrous or sparsely pilose apically. Berries fleshy or watery, white and often tinged with purple or blue, ovoid with truncate ends to broadly ellipsoid, 10-15 (-30) mm long, 6-20(-25) mm in diameter; seeds ellipsoid-oblong with rounded ends, 0.6-1.0 mm long, light brown.
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Habit
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herbs
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Distribution
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This species is known from Costa Rica south to central Panama and from Co- lombia and Ecuador.
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Note
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Its great variability in size and shape of the calyx lobes has been emphasized by taxonomists in recognizing the variants listed in the above synonymy. Those forms with rounded calyx lobes 5 mm long or less have been referred to as either Burmeisteria cyclostigmata var. suerrensis or B. suer- rensis while B. suerrensis var. almirantensis was characterized by similarly short but acute calyx lobes. Forms with longer calyx lobes were treated as B. cyclostigmata. There is no geographic segregation between plants with short and long calyx lobes, and the range in calyx-lobe lengths seems to represent a morphological continuum. A specimen from La Pefia de Zarcero, Prov. de Alajuela, Costa Rica (Austin Smith 893 (NY)) was assigned by Wimmer (1968) to Burmeistera mindoana F. E. Wim- mer, although in his opinion it was different somewhat from the specimens known from Ecuador and Colombia. This specimen falls well within the range of vari- ation exhibited by B. cyclostigmata.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Region of Almirante, Cooper 234 (F, NY, US). Chiriqui Trail between Quebrado Menaco and Buena Vista, Kirkbride & Duke 674 (REED). Fish Creek Mts., vic. of Chiriqui Lagoon, von Wedel 2285 (GH, MO, US). CHIRIQUi: Cerro Pando at the Costa Rican-Panamanian border, 2000-2482 m, Mori & Bolten 7323 (DUKE, MO). Cerro Hornitos, ca. 15 km NE of Gualaca, ca. 2200 m, Mori & Bolten 7483 (MO). Valley of the upper Rio Chiriqui Viejo, White 20 (MO). COCLE: Cerro Pilon, Croat 14347 (DUKE, MO). N slope and summit of Cerro Pilon, 900-1173 m, Croat 22928 (DUKE, MO). Cerro Caracoral, Duke & Dwyer 15140 (REED). Cerro Pilon, 3000 ft, Duke & Lallathin 15026 (MO). Cerro Pilon below summit, 2000-2700 ft, Dwyer et al. 4524 (DUKE, MO). Cerro Pilon, Kirkbride 1056 (MO). Cerro Caracoral, Kirkbride 1115 (MO). Cerro Pilon, Lallathin 5082 (MO). Cerro Pilon, 5 km NE of El Valle, Mori 6623, 6624 (both DUKE, MO). VERAGUAS: Cerro Tute, vic. of Santa Fe, 3000 ft, Allen 4346 (MO). 5 mi NW of Santa Fe, 700-1200 m, Croat 23178 (DUKE). Santa Fe subiendo hacia Cerro Tute, Mendieta 557 (DUKE), 576, 577 (both PMA). Slopes of Cerro Tute, NW of Santa Fe, 1 km from Escuela Agricola Alto de Piedra, Mori & Kallunki 4795 (DUKE, MO). NW of Santa Fe, below Cerro Tute peak, Mori & Kallunki 5244 (MO). Below summit of Cerro Tute, Mori & Kallunki 5271 (DUKE, MO). 8.8 km from Escuela Agricola Alto-de Piedra, Mori & Kallunki 3221 (DUKE, MO). Stream NW of Santa Fe, 8.8 km from Escuela Agricola Alto de Piedra, Mori & Kallunki 3917 (DUKE, MO). Cerro Tute, ca. 5 km NW of Santa Fe, 1100-1400 m, Mori et al. 7584 (MO), 7585 (DUKE, MO). Cerro Tute, above 1000, m, Mori 6746 (DUKE, MO). 16 km from Santa Fe toward Calovebora, Mori 6680 (DUKE, MO). Trail up E side of Cerro Tute, to 1200 m, Witherspoon 8862 (MO).
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