Published In:
Species Plantarum 1: 219. 1753. (1 May 1753) ( Sp. Pl.)   
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(Last Modified On 6/2/2011)
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Acceptance
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Accepted
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(Last Modified On 6/3/2011)
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Synonym Text:
Ambrina botrys (L.) Moq. Chenop. Enum.: 37. 1840.
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Flower/Fruit:
Fl. & Fr. Per.: April-August (-October).
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Type:
Lectotype: ‘Habitat in Europae australis arenosis’, Herb. Linn. No. 313/12 (LINN!). Jafri & Rateeb in Jafri & El Gadi, Fl. Libya 58: 13. 1979.
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Habitat:
Semi-desert, mountain slopes, meadows, riverbeds, river and salt-lake shores, fields, roadsides. 600-3700 m.
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Distribution:
Distribution: Mediterranean area to SW and C Asia and NW India; introduced and naturalized in C Europe, S Africa (?) and N America.
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Map Location:
A-6 Chitral dist.: Near village Mogh, Between Shoghor and Garm Chashma, Lutken valley, 18.6.1987, A.Ghafoor & S.Omer 2577 (KUH); Chitral dist.: Markoh, 55 miles away from Chitral city on way to Tirichmir, 16.8.1981, K.A.Malik & S.Nazimuddin 1444 (KUH); A-7 4 miles from Nomal on way to Naltar, 15.7.1977, K.A.Malik & M.Qaiser 548 (KUH); 4 miles from Naltar on way to Nomal, Gilgit, 9.6.1982, S.Omer 147 (KUH); Near Yasin on way to Dharkot (North of Yasin), 2400 m, 19.7.1990, M.Qaiser, S.Omer & S.Z.Husain 8331 (KUH); Kargah Nala, 5000 ft., 10.7.1964, M.A.Siddiqi & Nasir 2716 (RAW); Near Kaghazi village, c. 19 km from Chitral on way to Booni and Mastuj, 1800 m, 24.6.1987, A.Ghafoor & S.Omer 2955, 2965 (KUH); N of Mastuj, Brep, 8000 ft., 7.8.1968, J.D.A.Stainton 308 (W); A-7 Meran, Chitral Gol, 7.6.1977, Hakim Khan 82 (RAW); A-7 Chirat (Cherat?), Oct. 1938, Dwarka Nath 200 (KUH); A-8 Hana, near Khaibar, c. 21 km from Sost, on way to Aliabad, 2550 m, 7.10.1989, S.I.Ali, W.Suyong, T.Ali & G.Ke 3402 (KUH); Karakoram, Hisper Glacier snout, 10600 ft., 21.8.1960, O.Polunin 6363 (E,B); A-8 Naltar-Tal, Jagot, 3700-3800 m, 19.7.1974, F.Gartner 55 (GZU); Hunza valley, c. 5 km from Hainabad, on way to Aliabad, 7.10.1989, S.I.Ali, W.Sugong, T.Ali & G.Ke 3514 (KUH); Hunza-Tal, Minapin, 2900 m, 22.7.1974, F.Gartner (Hb.Gartner); Pisan 2250 m, 23.7.1974, F.Gartner (Hb. Gartner); A-8 Nomal Gilgit-Hunza road, 22.9.1986, Rubina Akhtar 12258 (RAW); Borit Til, Hunza valley, Karakoram Mts., 2500 m, 31.8.1980, F.A.Perrot 1,4 (K); Beyond Karimabad on way to Gulmit, 2210 m, 22.7.1990, M.Qaiser, S.Omer & S. Z.Husain 8461 (KUH); Gulmit area, 8500 ft., 30.7.1986, S.Malik, M.Rashid, Qutbudain & Manzoor 26 (RAW); Karimabad, 8000 ft., 31.7.1986, S.Malik, M.Rashid, Qutbudain & Manzoor 221 (RAW); Sher Killa (Qila?) 6000 ft., s.d. G.Giles (K); B-5 6.5 miles from Saidu Sharif, on way to Kalam, 27.7.1971, S.Abedin 8255 (B,KUH); B-6 Dir distr.: Between Chakdara and Timur Gaah, s.d. M.Qaiser & A.Ghafoor 6425 (KUH); Dir, 8.10.1978, A.Rahman 1 (K); Temargarah, 9.10.1978, A.Rahman 8 (K); 1 mile from Chitral on way to airport, 21.7.1971, S.Abedin 8088 (KUH); Hojusk, Yarkhuntal, 24.7.1968, Öster Alpenver, 267 (W); 13 km from Chitral to Garm Chasma, 1560 m, 18.7.1995, G.R.Sarwar & S. Omer 245 (KUH); Chitral, 8.7.1968, Y. Nasir 5004 (RAW); Goru, 13.7.1963, M.A.Siddiqi 2237 (RAW); Gilgit dist.: Drosh 7000 ft., Giles (K); Peshawar, Landi Kotal, Khyber pass, 2.5.1939, Sher Ahmed Lodhi 5 (KUH); Chitral dist.: Kafiristan valley, 22.6.1970, Qaiser & A.Ghafoor 1922 (B); 1922 (E); Chitral, Chapalli, Yarkhun-Tal, 22.7.1968, A. Stamm & G.Wöhrl 80 (W); Drosh gol, 6500 ft., 7.6.1968, .Y.Nasir 4981 (RAW); 17 km from Drosh on way to Chitral, 1220 m, 16.7.1995, G.R.Sarwar & S.Omer 189 (KUH); Brimbset, 30.7.1954, M.A.Siddiqi & H.Rahman 26795 (RAW); c. 24 km from Chitral on way to Sogtor, 1600 m, 11.8.1992, T.Ali, S.Z.Hussain & G.Khan 2230 (KUH); c. 13 km from Chitral on way to Soghor, 1400 m, 11.8.1992, T.Ali, S.Z.Husain & G.Khan 2217 (KUH); Drosh 4500 ft., Aug 1909, Toppin 777(K); Dir dist.: Timergirah, 800 m, 15.7.1995, G.R.Sarwar & S.Omer 112 (KUH); B-7 Swat dist.: Kalam, near Rest House, 28.8.1971, S.M.A.Kazmi 3455 (H); Kalam, s.d., s.coll., 1645 (KUH); 6 miles from Kawai, on way to Naran, 30.8.1972, M.Qaiser & A.Ghafoor 5178 (KUH); 25 miles from Mingora on way to Jabba, 4500 ft., 21.8.1972, M.Qaiser & A.Ghafoor 4763 (B,KUH); Swat dist.: Kulali, 21.8.1962, E.Nasir & M.A.Siddiqi 1015 (KUH); Ushu c. 35°40'N, 72°40'E, 2400 m, 23.8.1962, K.H.Rechinger 19496 (W); Ushu valley, Shohrat Forest, 2 miles E of Marittan Rest House, 31.8.1971, S.M.A.Kazmi 3560 (H); Kulaki Kalam, 21.8.1967, Nasir & Siddiqi 1015 (RAW); Ushu valley, 2.9.1970, F.Grohmann (RAW); Between village Banda Barai and Malta, W bank of river Swat, 5.10.1988, A.Ghafoor & T.Ali 3963 (KUH); Muzaffarabad dist.: village Kangar between Barakot and Muzaffarabad, 23.8.1972, M.Qaiser & A.Ghafoor 4882 (KUH); B/w Keran & Sharda, 1.9.1986, M.Qaiser & Rizwan Yusuf 7983 (KUH); 2 miles from Parheka on way to Aath Muqam, 22.8.1986, M.Qaiser & Rizwan Yusuf 7574 (KUH); Kashmir Hazara, Pesha, Trans Klajrristan, 7000 ft., Stewart 414/p (K); Hazara, Kaghan valley: Burawai on the bank of River Kunhar, 9.9.1971, S.M.A.Kazmi 3613 (H); Thandiani–Abbottabad rd., Hazara, 5000 ft., Jul 1987, Y.Nasir, Rubina Akhter & Hanif 12069 (RAW); Muzzaffarabad dist.: c. 15 miles from Commella on way to Bisham, Karakoram Rd., 7.9.1972, M.Qaiser & Azmat Ali 5451 (KUH); B-8 Gilgit agency, c. 109 km from Besham, after Dasu, on way to Chitral, 1.10.1989, S.I.Ali, W.Suyong,T.Ali & G.Ke 3189 (KUH); c. 109 km from Besham after Dasu, on way to Chilas, 970 m, 1.10.1989, S.I.Ali, W.Suyong,T.Ali & G.Ke 3179 (KUH); B-8 Gilgit, s.d. Giles (E), Sept. 1960, D. McVan (E); c. 3 km from Chilas on way to Gilgit, 1050 m, 2.10.1989, S.I.Ali, W.Suyong, T.Ali & G.Ke 3211 (KUH); Jaglote, c. 40 miles form Gilgit, 15.5.1983, S.Omer, S.Nazimuddin & A. Wahid 818 (KUH); Skardu, 8000 ft., 23.6.1955, E.Nasir & G.L.Webster 5765 (RAW); B-8 Gilgit, Skardu, s.d., A.Ghafoor 724 (KUH); NW Himalaya, Chibs/Diamir, Indus valley, E of Chilas, 1040 m, 26.9.1995, B.Dickore 13797 (Hb. Dikore); B-8 Baltistan, SW Biafo-Base camp, 3080 m, 6.8.1962, H.Hartmann 448 (RAW); Kachura, near Skardu, 2300 m, 23.7.1990, M.Qaiser, S.Omer & S.Z.Hussain 8503 (KUH); Kashmir, Burdur, Zanskar, 12000 ft., 18.9.1931, W.Koelz 2995 (E,S); B-9 c. 14 miles from Skardu, on way to Gol Baltistan, 19.5.1983, S.Omer, S.Nazimuddin & A.Wahid 903 (KUH); B-9 Satpura Nullah, above Skardu Baltistan, 3.8.1940, R.R.Stewart (RAW); Baltistan, near water stream of Kachoore Nullah Skardu, 7.7.1974, A.Ghafoor & L.Butt 615 (KUH); C-5 S. Waziristan, Razmak, in B.K.Marwat Field, s.d., s.coll. (KUH); Sanjola, Karam-Kot 12 miles from Wana 17.5.1978, S.Nazimuddin & S.Abedin 941 (KUH); C-6 Kohat, Sherkot, 22.10.1978, A.G.Chaudhary 6 (K); Cherat, 33°50'N, 71°58'E, SE Peshawar, 34°00'N, 71°40'E, 700-950 m, 27.5.1965, K.H.Rechinger 30237 (W); Kurram, Kurrum valley, Dec. 1879, J.E.T.Aitchison 750, 899 (LE); 27.7.1879, J.E.T.Aitchison 899 (K); Parachinar, Civil Rest House, 12.5.1974, M.Qaiser & S.Abedin 6027 (KUH); Peshawar dist.: Peshawar, April 1907, H. Deane (K); Kund in collibus ad confluentes fluvios Kabul et Indus, 30.5.1965, K.H.Rechinger 30378 (W); D-4 Quetta dist.: Mach, 3250 ft., 6.5.1959, S.M.A.Jafri 2829 (K); Quetta, Oct. 1952, S.M.A.Jafri 486 (KUH); Baluchistan University, Guest House, 5.7.1987, S.Khatoon 502 (KUH); Spin Karez 6000 ft., 20.6.1952, H.Crookshank 313 (K); Quetta Brewery, 6000 ft., 1.6.1952, H.Crookshank 291 (K); Walli Tangi, 12.7.1988, T.Ali &Tufail Ahmad 1386 (KUH); About 1 mile from Hirok, on way to Otar, 9.9.1970, S.A.Farooqi & M.Qaiser 2291 (KUH); Sibi dist.: Ziarat, 8000 ft., 31.8.1888, G.Watt 3961 (E); 31.8.1888, J. H. Lace 3961 (E); 8500 ft., 29.7.1889, J.H.Lace 3961 (K); D-5 Loralai dist.: Killa Saifullah, 37th mile, 7.8.1939, Mohindar Nath 2270 (RAW); Zhob dist.: Shinghar, 31°45'N, 69°50'E, 50 km, N Fort Sandeman, 31°21'N, 69°31'E, 2050 m, 20.5.1965, K.H.Rechinger 29862 (W); ibid. J. Lamond 608, 614, 1463 (C, E); 8500 ft., 14.6.1970, M.Qaiser & A.Ghafoor 1575 (KUH); E-4 Bolan pass, between Spezand and Mach, 2.5.1985, A.Ghafoor & Rizwan Yusuf 1076 (KUH). Kalat dist.: Lak pass, between Mastung & Mastung Road, 21.6.1957, Jafri & Akbar 2002 (KUH).
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Aromatic annual, 5-40(-70) cm, densely hairy, most hairs stalked, glandular. Stems erect, usually with several ascending branches, main axis sometimes shorter than some of the branches. Leaves dull green, somewhat glaucous, blade 1-7 cm, elliptic to ovate in outline, cuneate to subcordate at base, obtuse at apex, pinnatifid with 2-5 broad lobes and several teeth on each side; lower leaves sometimes repand. Inflorescence elongate, main axis to 5 cm wide, terminal, composed of mostly leafless dense dichasial cymes, or axillary with smaller cymes. Terminal flowers solitary, larger and earlier flowering than lateral ones. Perianth segments 5, c. 1 x 0.5 mm, elliptic to ovate, acuminate, free to base, often not contiguous at base, herbaceous with membranous margins, often whitish in fruit, weakly keeled, with stalked glandular hairs on back. Stamens 1-5. Stigmas 2. Pericarp free. Seeds horizontal, black, 0.6-0.8 mm, round in outline, margin rounded often truncate in part; testa almost smooth.
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