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(Last Modified On 10/17/2013)
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(Last Modified On 10/17/2013)
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Species
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Symphonia globulifera L. f.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Suppl. 302. 1781.
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Note
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TYPE: Surinam, Dalberg (LINN 853.1, not seen; MO, microfiche).
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Description
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Tree to 30 m tall; sometimes stilt-rooted; sap yellow. Leaves oblong to lan- ceolate, often slightly wider above the middle, apically acuminate, basally obtuse or acute, 4-6 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, the costa impressed above, elevated be- neath, the lateral nerves numerous, straight, parallel, slightly ascending, often abruptly forking near the margin to form an inconspicuous continuous submar- ginal vein, chartaceous, often slightly grayish; petiole short but distinct, 3-5 mm long. Inflorescence condensed and subumbellate, cymose peduncle mostly ob- solete but sometimes 2-3 cm long; bracts wanting; bracteoles obsolete; pedicels straight, ca. 1 cm long. Flowers depressed globose, pink or red, ca. 1.5 cm across; sepals 5, quincuncial, rotund, broader than long, ca. 5 mm long; petals rotund, ca. 10 mm long, imbricate, contorted; filaments exserted, forming a narrowly turbinoid column around the ovary, apically splitting into 5, white strap-like ele- ments, the anthers 3 per segment, linear, abaxial on the segments, dehiscing longitudinally by lateral slits; ovary 5-locular, turbinoid, produced into the style, the style apically divided into 5 porrect linear lobes which alternate with the anther connectives, white, stigmas minute, distal on the style lobes and directed downwards, minute. Fruit subglobose, 2-4 cm long, surmounted by the persistent style and branches, leathery, brownish or yellowish; seeds 1(-3), red, ellipsoid to subglobose.
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Habit
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Tree
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Note
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This species occurs as an understory shrub but ultimately reaches large size becoming one of the largest forest trees. The pink or red globose flowers, which are often very abundant, are conspicuous. The yellowish sap of this tree dries into a dark gum which is sometimes used for caulking boats. The timber is suitable for veneers and rough carpentry.
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Distribution
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widespread in tropical America, Africa and Mada- gascar
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Note
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showing-little variation throughout its range. In Panama it occurs mostly along the Caribbean watershed at lower elevations.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Dwedulup Peak N of Rio Terebe across from Quebrada Huron, 300-900 ft, Kirkbride & Duke 557 (MO). Shores of Laguna de Chiriqui, 150 ft, Stern & Chambers 51607 (MO). Water Valley, Wedel 758, 915 (both MO). Chiriqui Lagoon, Wedel 1030, 1100, 1141, 1210 (all MO). Water Valley, Wedel 1463 (MO). Little Bocas, Wedel 2496 (MO). CANAL ZONE: Barro Colorado Island, Croat 8686 (DUKE, MO, SCZ), 9517 (MO); Foster 943 (PMA). COCLE: Albo Calvario [Above El Cope], 600-800 m, Folsom 3174 (MO). COL6N: Cerro Santa Rita, 1200-1500 ft, Allen 5101 (MO); Correa & Dressler 1085, 1205 (both DUKE, MO, PMA); Croat 15337 (MO); Dressler 3412 (PMA). Santa Rita lumber road, Dressler & Williams 3964 (MO). Cerro Santa Rita, 1200-1500 ft, Dwyer 8580 (MO, SCZ). Santa Rita lumber road, Dwyer 8584 (MO). Cerro Santa Rita, 1200-1500 ft, Foster 1738 (DUKE, MO, PMA); Gentry 6557 (MO, PMA). Salud, Lao & Holdridge 240 (DUKE, MO, PMA). DARIEN: Cerro Tacarcuna, west ridge, Gentry & Mori 14116 (MO). PANAMA: Cerro Azul, Dwyer 1507 (MO). 5-6 mi N of El Llano, Gentry 5814 (DUKE, MO). Road from El Llano to Carti, Kennedy & Dressler 2951 (MO). El Llano-Carti road, 350 m, Mori & Kallunki 2860 (MO), 3539 (MO, PMA). SAN BLAS: Trail E of Cangandi-Mandinga airport road, Duke 14787 (MO, OS). VERAGUAS: Cerro Tute, Mori 6268 (MO).
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