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(Last Modified On 8/1/2013)
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(Last Modified On 8/1/2013)
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Species
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Melothria pendula L.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Sp. PI. 35. 1753.
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Note
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TYPE: without locality and col- lector (LINN 51.1, microfiche).
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Synonym
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Bryonia guadalupensis Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 580. 1881. TYPE: not known. Melothria fluminensis Gardner, Hook. Lond. J. Bot. 1: 173. 1842. TYPE: Brazil, Gardlner 45 (US, isotype; MO, photo of isotype at G). Melothria guadalupensis (Spreng.) Cogn. in DC., Monogr. Phan. 3: 580. 1881.
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Description
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Vines; stems scabrous to glabrate. Leaves with blades cordate to sagittate, rarely shallowly 3- to 5-lobate (in other parts of the range sometimes deeply 3- to 5-lobate), 3-7(-10) cm long, to as wide as long, the apex acuminate to caudate, the base cordate, the margin undulate, minutely and remotely toothed, charta- ceous, the upper and the lower surfaces scabrous with white pustular based tri- chomes; petioles 1-4 cm long, scabrous to glabrate; tendrils simple, glabrate. Staminate flowers in axillary, long pedunculate racemes, the rachis 2-3 cm long, filiform, glabrate, 2- to 6-flowered; pedicels 2-3 mm long; calyx campanulate, the lobes subulate, ca. 0.5 mm long, sparsely pilose; corolla yellow, the lobes ovate oblong, acute, spreading, papillose puberulent on the inner surface, puberulent on the outer surface; anthers narrowly oblong, ciliate on the margin; pistillode globose. Pistillate flowers solitary; peduncles 1-3 cm long, glabrate; calyx and corolla as in the staminate flowers; ovary ellipsoidal, glabrous, smooth. Fruits
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Habit
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Vines
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Description
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black, ovoid to elliptical, 0.7-1.5(-2.0) cm long, 0.7-1.0 cm in diameter, smooth, glabrous, baccate; seeds white sericeous, ovoid, 4-5 mnm long, 2-3 mm wide.
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Note
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Melothria pendula is a widespread weedy species occurring in disturbed sites and thickets
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Distribution
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southern United States south. through the Caribbean and Central America to Argentina. It is common in Panama.
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Note
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This species is here interpreted as a highly variable and polymorphic species perhaps consisting of several infraspecific taxa or at least biotypes. No charac- ters could be found to consistently differentiate between more northern, wide- spread M. pendula and the more southerly M. fluminensis and M. guadalupensis.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Nievecita, Bartlett 1 (MO). Santa Catalina, Blackwell et al. 2756 (MO). Region of Almirante, Cooper 184 (F). Water Valley, Chiriquf' Lagoon, Wedel 819 (GH, MO), 1037 (GH, MO, US), 1496 (GH, MO), 1796 (MO). Nievecita, Woodson et al. 1869 (F, MO, NY). CANAL ZONE: Juan Mina, Bartlett & Lasser 16754 (MICH). 3 millas N del muelle del Laboratorio de Entomologia, Division de Sanidad, Rio Chagres, Gamboa, Correa & Lazor 1572 (MO). Summit Hills Golf Course, Croat 12245 (MO). Coastal Island beyond Fort Amador, D'Arcy 9226 (MO). Fort Kobbe, Duke 3946 (MO). Corrosion Labo- ratory, Miraflores Locks, Duke 4440A (MO). Beach at Fort Kobbe, Dtike 4709 (GH, MO, US). Albrook, Dwyer 6635 (MO). Chagres, Fendler 123 (GH, MO, US). C-29 beyond Summit, Harvey 5213 (F). Garden of Gata'in Station, Hayes 57 (NY). Fort Kobbe, Kenoyer 569 (US). Ancon Hill, Killip 3038 (US). Between Frijoles and Monte Lirio, Killip 12167 (US). 1 mi N of Gamboa on Chagres River, Lazor &t Borehanm 2935 (FSU, MO). Marga- rita Swamp S of France Field, Maxon & Valentine 7057 (US). Anco'n, Piper 6026 (US). WV slope of Ancon Hill, Seibert 387 (GH, MO, NY). Sosa Hill, Balboa, Standley 25283 (US). Balboa, Standley 25544, 25626, 27138 (all US). Hills W of the canal, near Gatm'n, Standley 27238 (US). Gamboa, Standley 28361 (US). Near Fort Randolf, Standley 28724 (US). Rio Pedro Miguel, near East Paraiso, Standley 29924 (US). Balboa, Standley 30897 (US). Fort Sherman, Standley 20994 (US). Corrosion Laboratory, Miraflores Locks, Stern et al. 67 (GH, MO, US). Miraflores Locks, Tyson 1150, 1596 (both FSU, MO). Gamboa at horse stables, Tyson & Lazor 6322 (FS U). BARHO COLORADO ISLAND: Aviles 65A (MO); Bailey & Bailey 128 (F); Croat 4078, 4149, 4166, 5250, 5638, 5893, 6361, 6372A, 6400, 7020, 8277, 11944 (all MO); Ebinger 643 (F, MO); Foster 1440 (DUKE); Shatthck 536 (F, MO); Starry 196 (F, MO), 279 (F); Woodworth & Vestal 547 (F, GH, MO). c(HIRIQUI: Valley of Upper Rio Chiriqui Viejo, Monte Lirio, Seibert 394 (GH, MO, NY). COCLE: Bismlark above Penononle', Williams 283 (NY). Penonomle and vicinity, Williams 325 (NY). COLON: Along Rio Guan- che, ca. 3-5 mi inland, Croat 26153 (MO). Garotte, ca. 10 km NE of Portobelo, D'Arcy 3995 (MO). DARIEN: El Real, Allen 949 (F, GH, MO, US). Road to Pinogana near El Real, Croat & Porter 15481 (MO). Rio Pirre, Duike 4959 (GH, MO); Kennedy 2876 (MO). Man- nene, Kirkbride & Bristan 1573 (MO). Without other locality, Macbride 2704 (F). Rio Balsa, above Tucuti, Terry & Terry 1409 (F, GH, MO). HERRERA: Divisa, Dwyer 2464 (MO, USF). LOS SANTOS: Between Tonosi and Macaracas, Oliver et al. 3541 (MO). Los Asientos, Wendehake 43 (MO). PANAMA: Las Cumbres, Aguilar 30 (MO). Between Rio Bayano Dam and Cafiitas, D'Arcy 9386 (MO). Camino de Las Sabanas, Heriberto 193 (NY, US). San Jose Island, Johnston 397 (GH). Taboga Island, Mlacbride 2753 (F). Sabanas, N of Panama City, Paul 575 (US). Taboga Island, Gulf of Panama, Pittier 3558 (US); Standley 27070 (US). Rio Tocumen, Standicy 29462 (US). Between Las Sabanas and Matias Her- nandez, Standley 31845 (US). 2 mi S of Toctumen Airport, Tyson & Clewell 5891 (FSU). SAN BLAS: Puerto Obaldia, Croat 17006 (MO). Hydro Camp Cuadii on Rio Cuadi, Duke 15469 (USF). Puerto Obaldia, Gentry 1560 (MO). Mainland opposite Achituppu, Lewis et al. 134 (GH, MO). Puerto Obaldia, Pittier 4376 (US).
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