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(Last Modified On 7/22/2013)
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(Last Modified On 7/22/2013)
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Species
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Cavendishia stenophylla A. C. Smith
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PlaceOfPublication
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Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 27: 327. 1940.
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Note
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TYPE: Panama; Allen 1880 (NY, holotype; photo of holotype, DUKE; MO, isotype)
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Description
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Epiphytic and terrestrial shrubs ca. 1.5 m tall; stem base to 2 cm in diameter; mature branches terete or obtusely angled, smooth or minutely striate, glabrate, green or brown when fresh but drying tan or reddish brown; immature branches and new twigs terete, obtusely angled or conspicuously flattened, minutely striate, glabrate or densely short pilose. Leaves linear, linear lanceolate or elliptic lanceolate, averaging 5-6 times longer than wide, (4.5-)7.5-12(-14.5) cm long, (0.5-) 1-2 (-2.5) cm wide, basally narrowing, rounded and usually slightly cordate, apically long attenuate to an ultimately blunt tip, reddish to olive brown when dry, glabrous, marginally usually strongly revolute, rarely flat; pinnately nerved, the lowest primary nerves sometimes arcuate to about the middle then anastomosing with the remaining veins forming a collective nerve which ex- tends to the apex, the midrib deeply impressed above and conspicuously raised beneath, the lateral nerves and the veinlets raised and conspicuous above, slightly raised but obscure beneath; petioles subterete, rugose and often longitudinally ribbed, 3.5-6.5(-9) mm long and 1-2.5 mm in diameter, densely short pilose ad- axially, becoming glabrate. Inflorescence solitary or rarely two in terminal axils,
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Habit
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shrubs
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Description
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8-28-flowered, the lowest 3-8 nodes usually sterile, viscid; rachis conspicuously bluntly angled, minutely striate, glabrous, purple, 5.5-13 cm long, 1-2.5 mm in diameter; floral bracts conspicuously nerved, glabrous, concave or hood-shaped, ovate, 3-6.5 mm long, 2.5-4.5 mm wide, basally rounded and truncate, some- what auriculate, apically acute or obtuse, the distal % of the margin callose thickened, dark purple with greenish tinge; pedicels subterete, striate, apically swollen, glabrous, 11-18 (-24) mm long, 0.5-1 (-1.5) mm in diameter, dark purple; bracteoles positioned one-third to halfway up the pedicel, conspicuously nerved, glabrous, concave, ovate, 1.5-2.5(-3) mm long, (0.5-)1.5(-3) mm wide, basally continuous (not articulated) with the tissue of the pedicel, apically acute, the distal 2/3 to 1/2 glandularly callose thickened, dark purplish green. Flowers with the calyx glabrous, (5-)6-7(-8) mm long, sometimes slightly stipitate, the tube cylindric, rugose and ribbed, the surface often muricate, (1.5-)2-3(-4.5) mm long, basally strongly enlarged and deeply lobed, green when immature, dark purple at anthesis but turning greenish after anthesis, the limb cylindric or spreading, rarely campanulate, ribbed, (2-)4-4.5(-5.5) mm long including the lobes, the lobes triangular, 1-1.5(-2) mm long, (1.5-)2-2.5 (-3) mm wide, erect after anthesis, completely callose thickened or the mar- gins rarely slightly thinner than the main body, purple, the sinuses obtuse to broadly rounded; corolla slightly constricted basally, narrowed at the throat, outside densely short pubescent, the trichomes usually white, 0.2-0.4 mm long, rarely glabrous, sparsely pilose within, (16-)18-21.5(-22) mm long, 4-8 mm in diameter, pale purple at the constricted base, purple above, the lobes triangular, 1-1.5 mm long, glabrous, reflexed at anthesis often exposing the tips of the anthers; stamens 15.5-19.5 mm long, the filaments alternately 2-3.5 mm and 5-7.5 mm long, white, with medially pilose long filaments and distally pilose short filaments, sometimes glabrous, the anthers including the tubules alternately 12.5-14.5 mm and 15.5-18 mm long, orange, the thecae alternately 4-5.5 mm and 5.5-6.5 mm long; style sigmoid, exserted at anthesis, green. Berry glabrous, 12-15 mm in diameter.
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Note
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Cavendishia stenophylla is endemic to central Panama where it occurs from 700-1,000 m elevation. It is distinguished by the combination of linear leaves with strongly revolute margins, and callose-thickened floral bracts. Linear leaves are found in only one other Central American species, C. pseudosteno- phylla. The basic venation difference between these two species has been mentioned in the discussion of C. pseudostenophylla. Callose-thickened floral bracts are unique to C. stenophylla.
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Distribution
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endemic
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Specimen
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COCLE: Hills N of El Valle, 1000 m, Allen 2162 (A). La Mesa, Allen 2373 (A, MO). Hills N of El Valle, Allen 3551 (MO, US). Slopes of Cerro Pilon near El Valle, 700-900 m, Duke 12049(3) (MO). Between Cerro Pilon and El Valle, 700-900 m, Duke & Dwyer 13986(1) (MO). El Valle, WEPCOR site, Kirkbride 1086 (MO). La Mesa, 850-870 m, Luteyn 3102 (DUKE). Trail to Los Llano, 800-850 m, Luteyn 3153 (DUKE, NY). Trail to Las Minas, 800-900 m, Luteyn 3161 (DUKE, F, MO), 4063 (DUKE, F, MO, US). La Mesa, Luteyn 4089 (DUKE, F, MO, NY); Weaver & Foster 1635 (DUKE). PANAMA: Hills above Campana, 600-800 m, Allen 1880 (MO, NY). Cerro Campana forest, 700-900 m, Allen 2422 (A); Blum et al. 2372 (FSU, MO); Lewis et al. 1921 (MO, UC); Luteyn & Kennedy 1819 (DUKE); Luteyn 3083 (DUKE); Luteyn 3191 (DUKE, F, NY); Luteyn 3992 (DUKE, F); McDaniel 6841 (FSU, MO); Mori & Bolten 7676 (MO, NY). Cerro Campana, summit and upper trail, Witherspoon & Witherspoon 8477 (MO, NY).
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