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(Last Modified On 5/15/2013)
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(Last Modified On 5/15/2013)
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Subspecific
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Lycianthes maxonii var. maxonii.
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Synonym
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Lycianthes maxonii var. appendiculata Standl., Jour. Washington Acad. Sci. 17: 15. 1927. HOLOTYPE: Standley 28040 (US).
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Note
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HOLOTYPE: Panama, Barro Colorado Island, Maxon et al. 6808 (US).
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Description
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Herb or shrub to 1.5 m tall, erect, or somewhat spreading; stems slender, twigs puberulent with short, weak hairs; sarmentose. Leaves mostly elliptic or oblong, sometimes ovate or obovate, chartaceous, to 15 cm long, apically short acute, basally obtuse or acute, mostly symmetrical, dark green above, mostly glabrous on both sides but sometimes puberulent on the veins, veins 4-6 on each side of the midvein; petioles short, to 5 mm long; minor leaves wanting. Inflorescence solitary or a few-flowered fascicle, sometimes on a short peduncle, ca. 2 mm long, with a prominent cicatrix on its dorsal side; pedicels filiform, 15 mm long, glabrate, often drying yellow. Flowers with the calyx glabrous, tubular, 2 mm deep, the sides straight, umbonate or with distinct and sometimes elongate teeth, the sleeve ca. 0.75 mm long; corolla blue or purplish, 5-7 mm long, deeply lobed; stamens equal, the filaments glabrous, 1 mm long, the anthers 4-5 mm long, connivent to connate, opening by terminal pores with slightly protracted lips. Fruits red, juicy, globose, ovoid, obovoid or ellipsoidal, ca. 5 mm across.
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Habit
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Herb or shrub
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Note
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The small blue or purple flowers and red fruits separate this species from other Panamanian species of Lycianthes. The chartaceous and often elongate leaves are frequently sufficient for recognition of sterile material. Lycianthes maxonii is an understory species of central Panama, mostly found in mature forests. It is also found in cutover forest areas and cafetales, where it sometimes flowers from turoins.
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Distribution
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Nicaragua and Costa Rica.
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Note
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Standley's var. appendiculata is based on a specimen with very slender teeth, slightly longer than usual, and a sleeve slightly longer than usual, but this is merely an extreme within the predictable range of variation for the species. D'Arcy 5507 matches the type of var. appendiculata: it was collected a year later but from the same plant as D'Arcy 3939, a collection with normal calyces.
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Specimen
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CANAL ZONE: 12 S Colon on Rio Providencia, Tyson et Blum 3942 (FSU, MO, SCZ), 3992 (MO); Tyson et al. 4479 (FSU, MO). Barro Colorado Island, Aviles 31, 43b (both MO); Croat 6307 (DUKE, MO, NY), 6489, 6508, 6624, 8611, 9421 (all MO), 10092 (DUKE, MO), 10979,11454, 11896 (all MO); D'Arcy 3939 (ADW, BIRM, C, F, MO, MPU, UCWI), 5507 (MO); Ebinger 550 (GH, MO); Hayden 1036 (MO); Shattuck 277 (F, MO, US), 1015 (MO); Standley 31326 (US), 31365 (MO), 40880, 41088, 41145 (all US). CHIRIQUI: In woods above Nueva Suisa, Volcan District, 6,000 ft, D'Arcy 5322 (MO, MPU, PMA). COLON: Forest along trail, Rio Indio, Steyermark & Allen 17455 (MO). DARIEN: Cocalito near Darien-Choco (Colombia) boundary, Dwyer 3105 (MO). PANAMA: 3.5 mi. W of Goofy Lake near Cerro Azul, Croat 11561 (MO). One plant in recently cleared forest, Cerro Jefe, D'Arcy et al. 3960 (MO). Summit of Cerro Jefe and forests along road beyond summit, Hayden 1011 (MO). Rain forest, Chiman, Lewis et al. 3257 (ADW, BIRM, MO, MPU). Near Arenoso, lower Rio Trinidad, 26-50 m, Seibert 612 (MO). Rio Tapia, moist forest, Standley 28040 (US).
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