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(Last Modified On 5/10/2013)
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(Last Modified On 5/10/2013)
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Species
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Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Br. ex Britt. & Wils.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Sci. Surv. Porto Rico 6: 141. 1925.
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Synonym
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Lantana alba Mill., Gard. Dict., ed. 8. 1768. Verbena globiflora L'Her., Stirp. Nov. 1: 22-23, pl. 12. 1786. Zappania odoratissima Scop., Delic. Fl. Faun. Insub. 1: 34-35, pl. 15. 1786. Zapania lantanoides Lam., Tabl. Encycl. Meth. Bot. 1: 58. 1791. Zapania globiflora (L'Her.) Willd. in L., Sp. P1., ed. 4. 1: 116. 1797. Lantana lavandulacea Willd. in L., Sp. P1. ed. 4. 3: 319. 1800. Lippia asperifolia A. Rich. ex Marthe, Cat. P1. Jard. Med. Paris 67. 1801. Zapania odorata Pers., Syn. P1. 2: 140. 1806. Lippia geminata H.B.K., Nov. Gen. Sp. P1., ed. folio. 2: 214. 1817. Verbena odorata (Pers.) Steud., Nom. Bot. Phan., ed. 1. 873. 1821. Lantana geminata (H.B.K.) Spreng. in L., Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 2: 763. 1825. Lantana mollissima Desf., Cat. Hort. Par., ed. 3. 393. 1829. This content downloaded from 192.104.39.2 on Thu, 9 May 2013 15:26:14 PMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions1973] MOLDENKE-FLORA OF PANAMA (Family 168. Verbenaceae) 71 Lippia citrata Cham., Linnaea 7: 214. 1832. Lantana lippioides Hook. & Arn., Bot. Beechey's Voy. 305. 1837. Lippia panamensis Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36(2): 201. 1863. Lippia havannensis Turcz., loc. cit. 36(2): 202. 1863. Lippia crenata Sesse & Moc., Fl. Mex., ed. 2..140. 1894.
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Description
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Erect perennial herbs or straggly, aromatic, densely puberulent, low, coarse, erect shrubs or subshrubs, to 2 m tall, with a strong odor of lemon, lime, mint, or sage, sometimes scrambling, procumbent, or semi-procumbent, or more or less decumbent, rarely creeping or scandent, usually much-branched from the base and with long rooting basal suckers; stems many, to 1.5 cm in diameter, rooting at the nodes; branches elongate, slender, ascending or pendulous, sometimes arching, trailing, or prostrate. Leaves decussate-opposite or ternate, thickish, aromatic, the blades ovate or oblong, 2-7 cm long and usually 1.2-2.3 cm wide, dark-green above, acute or obtuse apically, conspicuously serrate or, serrulate along the margins (except at the very base), mostly cuneate or narrowed into the petiole basally, strigose-hirtellous or puberulent and more or less rugose (when mature) above, densely short-pubescent or soft-velvety to tomentose beneath with cinereous trichomes; petioles slender, 3-8 mm long, cinereous-pubescent. Inflores- cences axillary, capitate, usually much shorter than the subtending leaves or only subequaling the petioles, solitary or rarely paired in all the upper leaf-axils; heads globose or subglobose to shortly oblong, 8-12 mm long and ca. 8 mm in diameter; peduncles slender; bractlets ovate, 3-5 mm long, acute apically, the lowermost 3-3.5 mm wide, nearly as long as the corolla, not accrescent. Flowvers fragrant or non-odoriferous; calyx ca. 1/3 as long as the corolla, 2-toothed; corolla hypocrateri- form, in various shades of blue, pink, lilac, violet, lavender, mauve, or purple, sometimes white, often yellowish on the inner surface, the tube 4-S mm long. 2n = 40 (42?).
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Habit
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herbs
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Distribution
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Widely distributed through the West Indies, Mexico, Central America, and subtropical and tropical South America to Argentina; introduced and often escaped from cultivation elsewhere.
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Note
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An extremely variable and polymorphic species; a dozen subspecific entities have been proposed, some of which may be worth maintaining. The extremely hairy southern South American "globiflora" form may be distinct.
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Common
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achueriala alfombrilla
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Common
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cidreira herva cidreira, oregano
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Common
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oregano de burro palisado
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Common
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salsa limao salvia morada
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Common
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sauce limon toronjil de Espafia
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Note
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The plant is widely used medicinally as a sudorific, pectoral, diaphoretic, antispasmodic, emmenagogue, and stomachic. The leaves are used in baths in treating fevers. It is widely cultivated. Cultivated by the Cava Indians (fide Duke 14436); used as a tea for diarrhea (fide Tyson 3611).
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Specimen
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CHIRIQUI: Sabana de la Tortuga between El Boquete and Caldera, 300-700 m, Pittier 3329 (GH). COLON: Chagres, Fendler 220 (MOLDENKE, photo). PANAMA: Piria, Rio Bayano, ca. 150 m, Duke 14436 (BMIC, MO). VERAGUAS: Caniazas, Tyson 3611 (MO).
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