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(Last Modified On 3/15/2013)
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(Last Modified On 3/15/2013)
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Species
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Corynostylis arborea (L.) Blake
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PlaceOfPublication
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Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 837, 1923.
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Synonym
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Viola arborea L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1239, 1759. Viola hybanthus L., Sp. PI. ed. 2, 1328, 1763. Corynostylis hybanthus (L.) Mart. in Mart. & Zucc., Nov. Gen. Sp. PI. 1: 26, t. 17-18, 1823.
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Description
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Vine, lignous, the young branchlets ferruginous-puberulous. Leaves with the petioles canaliculate above, up to 7 mm long, glabrescent, the stipules small, subu- late; blade ovate or ovate-elliptic, acute to rounded at the base, more or less abruptly and shortly acuminate at the apex, subentire-margined, 3.5-9 cm long and 1.5-5 cm wide, rigid-chartaceous, glabrous, the midvein and lateral veins prominent below. Flowers axillary, solitary but grouped towards the apex of the branchlets, or in terminal or lateral racemes; pedicel articulate above the middle, up to 5 cm long, sparsely puberulous below, the bracteoles inserted more or less medially on the pedicel, ovate, obtuse to acute, up to 1.5 mm long, ciliolate; sepals broadly ovate, rounded to obtuse, 2.5-3.5 mm long and 2.2-2.5 mm wide, subcarnose towards the base, min- utely and finely ciliolate; petals white or pinkish-white, minutely and finely cilio- late; anterior petal 2.8-4.2 cm long (spur included), the blade broadly ovate to subcircular, 1-1.4 cm in diam, the spur obtuse at the base, slightly twisted, 2-2.8 cm long; lateral petals oblique-obovate, rounded at the apex, 11-16 mm long and 7-11 mm wide; posterior petals obovate, slightly oblique, rounded at the apex, 6-7.5 mm long and 4-5.5 mm wide; anterior filaments with the united spurs 2-3.5 mm long; anthers ca 4 mm long, the connective appendages rounded at the apex, 1.5-2.5 mm long; ovary subglobose, ca 2.8-3 mm long and 2-2.5 mm wide, sparsely pilose on the upper part, the style 5.5-6 mm long, geniculate above the base, the apex slightly curved. Capsule ovoid-ellipsoid, up to 5.5 cm long and 3.5 cm broad, glabrous; seeds with irregular margins, 1-1.5 cm in diam, the testa brownish on one side, grayish on the other side.
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Habit
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Vine
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Distribution
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Throughout tropical America.
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Specimen
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CANAL ZONE: nr Gatun, Hayes 13 (US); along Trinidad River, nr sea level, Pittier 3972 (US). DARIEN: betw Rio Membrillo & Rio Subeuti, Duke 8598 (MO).
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Note
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According to Standley (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 27: 271, 1928), C. arborea is "occasional in forests on the Atlantic slope."
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