Home Andean Bryophytes
Intro
Region
Name Search
Family List
Generic List
Andean Mosses XL database
Glosario Ilustrado: Musgos
Fam. Gén. Musgos Andes Trop.
Advanced Search
!Hypopterygium tamarisci (Sw.) Brid. ex Müll. Hal. Search in The Plant ListSearch in NYBG Virtual HerbariumSearch in Muséum national d'Histoire naturelleSearch in Type Specimen Register of the U.S. National HerbariumSearch in Virtual Herbaria AustriaSearch in JSTOR Plant ScienceSearch in SEINetSearch in African Plants Database at Geneva Botanical GardenAfrican Plants, Senckenberg Photo GallerySearch in Flora do Brasil 2020Search in Reflora - Virtual HerbariumSearch in Living Collections Decrease font Increase font Restore font
 

Published In: Synopsis Muscorum Frondosorum omnium hucusque Cognitorum 2(6): 8. 1851[1850]. (Syn. Musc. Frond.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 9/15/2009)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 10/4/2017)
Plant Category: Mosses
country distribution: Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, NW Argentina
EcoRegions: Montane Forest
elevation: 500-1000, 1000-1500, 1500-2000, 2000-2500, 2500-3000, 3000-3500
substrate: soil, rocks, leaf litter / humus, logs, treelets and trees
frequency: common

Notes     (Last Modified On 10/4/2017)
Notes:
Ecology: Premontane to high montane forest; typically in moist shaded sties, on logs, over humus or leaf litter, occasionally on base trunk of trees, soil and over rocks. Elevation: 640-3300 m, commonly encountered between 1500-2500 m (Venezuela: 1100-3300 m, Colombia: 1150-3120 m, Ecuador: 900-3270 m, Peru: 700-2900 m, Bolivia: 640-2900 m). Distribution: Mexico, Central America, West Indies (Greater Antilles), Tropical Andes, southeast Brazil; pantropical, extending into the south temperate region of Africa and Australasia.
 
Ecología: Bosques premontanos a montanos altos; típicamente en sitios sombreados húmedos, en leños, sobre humus u hojarasca, ocasionalmente en la base de troncos de árboles, suelo y sobre rocas. Es un elemento común en los bosques montanos de los Andes Tropicales. Elevación: 700-3300 m, encontrada comúnmente entre 1500-2500 m (Venezuela: 1100-3300 m, Colombia: 1150-3120 m, Ecuador: 900-3270 m, Perú: 700-2900 m, Bolivia: 950-2900 m). Distribución: México, Centroamérica, indias Occidentales (Antillas Mayores), Andes Tropicales, sudeste de Brasil; pantropical, extendiéndose en la región templada sur de Africa y Australasia.
 
The frondose habit with fronds broad and spreading, dimorphic (lateral and ventral) bordered leaves distinguish this species. Hypopterygium tamariscina is a common element of the montane forest of the tropical Andes. This species seems to persist in only slightly disturbed montane forest. Synonyms include Hypopterygium argentinicum Lorentz ex Müll. Hal., H. bolivianum Herzog, H. flavescens Hampe, H. laricinum (Hook.) Brid., H. rigidulum Mitt., H. scutellatum (Taylor) Müll. Hal., H. sylvaticum Mitt. Also this now includes the name previously employed for the tropical Andes - Hypopterygium tamarisci (Sw.) Brid. ex Müll. Hal.

 

Export To PDF Export To Word

Plants medium sized, mostly 1-3.5 cm tall, forming loose frondose tufts, dark green. Primary stems creeping; often densely tomentose. Stipes wiry; tomentose below; leaves few and distant, often eroded, broadly ovate to orbicular, short acuminate; margins bordered, entire to serrate distally; costae single, ca. 1/2-2/3 lamina length, forked distally. Secondary stems erect, regularly branched; in cross-section epidermal and cortical cells moderately thick-walled and firm, epidermal cells ± larger than outer cortex cells, inner cortical cells larger, central strand well developed, cells numerous, ± thin-walled; pseudoparaphyllia absent. Secondary stem leaves differentiated, lateral leaves secund when dry, asymmetric, ovate, 1.5-2 mm long, apex short apiculate, base asymmetric; margins plane, limbate, acroscopic side sharply serrate to near base, basiscopic side smooth below distally serrate at apex; costae single, 2/3-3/4 lamina length, often forked distally; laminal cells smooth, median cells rhombic to hexagonal, 25-40 µm long, 12-20 µm wide; basal cells broadly rectangular, lax, weakly porose; marginal border on acroscopic side in 2 rows, basiscopic side in 3 rows below, distally 2, cells long linear hyaline, often weakly porose; amphigastrial leaves (beneath secondary stem and branches) orbicular, symmetric, ca. 1 mm long, apex abruptly cuspidate; margins smooth or weakly serrulate distally; costae usually excurrent; border cells in 1-2 rows; proximal leaves on branches often ovate-triangular. Autoicous. Perichaetia lateral; leaves ovate-long acuminate, to 2.2 mm long; ecostate or costate; laminal cells elongate. Setae elongate, to 12 mm long, stout, smooth. Capsules inclined to pendulous, urn ovoid to short cylindrical; exothecial cells rounded, collenchymatous; stomata at urn base, appearing immersed; opercula conic-long rostrate, to 2.5 mm long, oblique; peristome double, exostome teeth 16, striate-papillose below, distally papillose, bordered, strongly trabeculate on back; endostome basal membrane high, segments 16, keeled and perforate, lightly papillose, cilia 2-3. Calyptrae cucullate (occasionally appearing short mitrate), 2.2-2.5 mm long, sparsely hairy. Spores spherical, 14-18 µm in diameter, lightly papillose.

 

Plantas medianas, generalmente 1-3.5 cm alto, formando manojos laxos frondosos, verde oscuros. Tallos primarios reptantes; a menudo densamente tomentosos. Estípite alambrino; tomentoso abajo; pocas hojas distantes, a menudo erosionadas, anchamente ovadas hasta orbiculares, corto-acuminadas; márgenes bordeados, enteros hasta distalmente serrados; costa simple, ca. ocupando 1/2-2/3 de la longitud de la lámina, bifurcada distalmente. Tallos secundarios erectos, regularmente ramificados; en corte transversal células epidérmicas y corticales con paredes moderadamente gruesas y firmes, células epidérmicas ± mayores que las células externas de la corteza, células corticales internas mayores, cordón central bien desarrollada, con numerosas células de paredes ± delgadas; pseudoparáfilos ausente. Hojas de los tallos secundarios diferenciadas, hojas laterales unilaterales en seco, asimétricas, ovadas, 1.5-2 mm de largo, ápices corto-apiculados, bases asimétricas; márgenes planos, limbados, lado acroscópico marcadamente serrado cerca de la base, lado basiscópico liso abajo y distalmente serrado en el ápice; costa simple, ocupando 2/3-3/4 de la longitud de la lámina, a menudo bifurcada distalmente; células de la lámina lisas, células mediales rómbicas hasta hexagonales; células basales anchamente rectangulares, laxas, débilmente porosas; borde en 2 filas en el margen acroscópico, lado basiscópico en 3 filas abajo, distalmente 2 filas, células largas lineales hialinas, a menudo débilmente porosas; hojas anfigástricas (debajo de los tallos secundarios y ramas) orbiculares, simétricas, ca. 1 mm de largo, ápices abruptamente cuspidados; márgenes lisos o débilmente serrulados distalmente; costa generalmente excurrente; borde de 1-2 filas de células; hojas proximales sobre ramas a menudo ovado-triangulares. Autoicas. Periquecios laterales; hojas largo-ovadas acuminadas, hasta 2.2 mm de largo; ecostadas o con costa; células de la lámina alargadas. Setas alargadas, hasta 12 mm de largo, robustas, lisas. Cápsula inclinadas hasta péndulas, urna ovoide hasta corto cilíndrica; células exoteciales redondeadas, colenquimatosas; estomas en la base de la urna, de apariencia inmersa; opérculo largo-cónico rostrado, hasta 2.5 mm de largo, oblicuo; peristoma doble, exostoma con 16 dientes, estriado-papilosos abajo, distalmente papilosos, bordeados, marcadamente trabeculados en la parte posterior; membrana basal del endostoma alta, 16 segmentos, carinados y perforados, finamente papilosos, 2-3 cilios. Caliptra cuculada (ocasionalmente de apariencia corto-mitrada), con pelos esparcidos en la superficie. Esporas esféricas, finamente papilosas.

 


 

 
 
© 2024 Missouri Botanical Garden - 4344 Shaw Boulevard - Saint Louis, Missouri 63110